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Message:: [QUOTE="Finn235, post: 3446684, member: 98035"]As far as I am aware, there is no way to differentiate between pre-reform "Roman" monogram AE4s of Anastasius and post-reform "Byzantine" monogram nummi of his. Nummi are not common compared to the larger denominations, and owing to the generally abysmal condition of all AE4s from Theodosius II onward, they were probably allowed to remain in circulation for decades into the 6th century. I have read that the West had largely backslid to barter when the Roman economy imploded during and following the rule of Honorius and Valentinian III. The rarity of all coins from Johannes even until the early middle ages attest to a poorly monetized economy. About a year ago I bought a lot of late Roman AE4s from CNG that may have been a hoard. With two significant outliers, there were no coins earlier than Arcadius/Honorius, and none later than Justinian from his conquest of Africa. The bulk of the lot were monograms of Marcian and various Leo types, and there were a lot of Vandal coins as well. The aforementioned outliers were a tiny AE4-sized barbarous DIVO CLAVDIO and an AE4-sized Greek from the 1st/2nd century BC. If that was indeed a hoard, it attests to the longevity of the types in circulation, and also that dug coins would have been put back into circulation - this is well attested as the Vandals re-denominated first century Imperial bronzes.[/QUOTE]