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What to do at home? Mughal Islamic coins from India!
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<p>[QUOTE="willieboyd2, post: 4305499, member: 4910"]I bought several Mughal India coins recently and spent some time attempting to read the Arabic text on them with the help of Richard Plant's book <i>Arabic Coins and How to Read Them</i>.</p><p><br /></p><p>The Mughal Empire was a Sunni Islamic kingdom which lasted from AD 1526 to 1857.</p><p>Their territory included most of India.</p><p>Its capitol was Agra and briefly Fatehpur Sikri.</p><p>Agra was also known as Akbarabad and was the location of a mint.</p><p><br /></p><p>The Muslim Kalima or statement of faith sometimes appears on Mughal coins in part or whole.</p><p>It is "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah".</p><p><br /></p><p>The Rightly-Guided Caliphs of Sunni Islam are Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali.</p><p>Their names sometimes appear on Mughal coins.</p><p><br /></p><p>The KM number is from Krause Catalog of World Coins.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Jahangir AH 1014-1037 AD 1605-1627</b></p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_jahangir_1014_jalnapur.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p>Mughal Rupee Jahangir Rupee Jalnapur 1014-1017</p><p>Silver, 19 mm, 11:43 gm, KM 141.6</p><p>Mint: Jalnapur</p><p><br /></p><p>Obverse: Three horizontal lines of text</p><p>Line 1: Ghazi (Fighter for Islam)</p><p>Line 2: Jahangir Badshah (Conqueror of the World, Emperor)</p><p>Line 3: Nur-ud-din (Light of religion)</p><p><br /></p><p>Reverse: Two horizontal lines of text</p><p>Line 1: "There is no god but Allah"</p><p>Line 2: "Muhammad is his messenger" and mint name lower left</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Shah Jahan AH 1037-1068 AD 1628-1658</b></p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_shahjahan_1038_agra.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p>Mughal Rupee Shah Jahan Agra AH 1038</p><p>Silver, 22 mm, 10:47 gm, KM 222.1</p><p>Mint: Agra</p><p><br /></p><p>Obverse: Four horizontal lines of text</p><p>Line 1: Badshah Ghazi (Emperor and fighter for Islam)</p><p>Line 2: Muhammad Shah Jahan (King of the World)</p><p>Line 3: Shahab ud-Din (Star of the Faith)</p><p>Line 4: Sahib-i-Qiran-i-Sani Ahad</p><p>(Second Lord of the Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, First year of reign)</p><p><br /></p><p>Reverse: Three horizontal lines of text</p><p>Line 1: "There is no god but Allah"</p><p>Line 2: "Muhammad is his messenger"</p><p>Line 3: Sanat Dar-i-Khilafa Agra (Struck at seat of capital Agra)</p><p><br /></p><p>The year "1038" is on the left side. AH 1038 is around AD 1628</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_shahjahan_1039_akbarabad.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p>Mughal Rupee Shah Jahan Akbarabad AH 1039</p><p>Silver, 22 mm, 11:31 gm, KM 227.2</p><p>Mint: Akbarabad</p><p><br /></p><p>Obverse: Four horizontal lines of text</p><p>Line 1: BadShah Ghazi (Emperor and and fighter for Islam)</p><p>Line 2: Al-din Muhammad Shah Jahan (Of the religion, King of the World)</p><p>Line 3: Sahib Qiran Sani (Second Lord of the Conjunction of two Planets Jupiter and Saturn)</p><p>Line 4: Zarb Akbarabad (Struck at Akbarabad)</p><p><br /></p><p>Reverse: Circle with two lines inside it and four lines around it</p><p>Circle upper: "There is no god but Allah"</p><p>Circle lower: "Muhammad is his messenger"</p><p>Circle top: Caliph Abu Bakr</p><p>Circle right: Caliph Umar</p><p>Circle bottom: Caliph Uthman</p><p>Circle left: Caliph Ali</p><p><br /></p><p>The year "1039" is on the lower right side of the circle. AH 1039 is around AD 1629</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_shahjahan_1051_patna.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p>Mughal Rupee Shah Jahan Patna AH 1051</p><p>Silver, 21 mm, 11.38 gm, KM 235.20</p><p>Mint: Patna</p><p><br /></p><p>Obverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it</p><p>Square upper: Badshah Ghazi (Emperor and fighter for Islam)</p><p>Square lower: Shah Jahan (King of the World)</p><p>Square top: Shahab-ud-Din (Star of the Faith)</p><p>Square right: Muhammad Sahib (Lord Muhammad)</p><p>Square bottom: Qiran-e-Sani (Second Lord of the Conjunction of two Planets Jupiter and Saturn)</p><p>Square left: Zarb Patna (Struck at Patna mint, regnal year 15)</p><p><br /></p><p>Reverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it</p><p>Square upper: "There is no god but Allah"</p><p>Square lower: "Muhammad is his messenger"</p><p>Square top: Caliph Abu Bakr</p><p>Square right: Caliph Umar</p><p>Square bottom: Caliph Uthman</p><p>Square left: Caliph Ali</p><p><br /></p><p>The coin has no year visible.</p><p>The obverse has the regnal year "15" below the long letter within the square.</p><p>It equates to AH 1037+15-1 or 1051 which is around AD 1641.</p><p><br /></p><p>Shah Jahan had this building built for his wife:</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_india_tajmahal_01.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p>Taj Mahal, Agra</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Aurangzeb AH 1069-1119 AD 1659-1707</b></p><p><br /></p><p>Aurangzeb was a devout Muslim and had the religious messages taken off coins as he did not want them to be handled by an infidel.</p><p>No "In God We Trust" for him.</p><p>He had 47 different mints putting out coinage.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_aurangzeb_1081_akbarabad.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p>Mughal Rupee Aurangzeb Akbarabad AH 1081</p><p>Silver, 22 mm, 11.36 gm, KM 298.1</p><p>Mint: Akbarabad</p><p><br /></p><p>Obverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it</p><p>Square upper: Badshah Ghazi (Emperor and fighter for Islam)</p><p>Square lower: Shah Alamgir (King Conqueror of the World)</p><p>Square left: Abul Muzaffar (Father of victory)</p><p>Square top: Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad (Preserver religion of Muhammad)</p><p>Square right: Aurangzeb (Ornament of the Throne)</p><p>Square bottom: Bahadur Sanat 1081 (Brave in the year struck 1081)</p><p><br /></p><p>Reverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it</p><p>Square upper: Akbarabad (Mint)</p><p>Square lower: Zarb (Struck at)</p><p>Square left: Julus (reign)</p><p>Square top: Maimanat (prosperity)</p><p>Square right: Manus (associated)</p><p>Square bottom: Sanat 14 (Year 14 of his reign associated with prosperity)</p><p><br /></p><p>The year "1081" is on the lower left. AH 1081 is around AD 1671</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_aurangzeb_1117_akbarabad.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p>Mughal Rupee Aurangzeb Rupee Akbarabad AH 1117</p><p>Silver, 22 mm, 11:38 gm, KM 300.6</p><p>Mint: Akbarabad</p><p><br /></p><p>Obverse: Three horizontal lines of text</p><p>Line 1: Shah Aurangzeb Alamgir (King, Ornament of the Throne, Conqueror of the World)</p><p>Line 2: Munir Bedr Cho Zad (Like shining full moon)</p><p>Line 3: Sikkah Dar Jahan (Coin struck in the world)</p><p><br /></p><p>Reverse: Three horizontal lines of text</p><p>Line 1: Manus (associated)</p><p>Line 2: Maimanat (prosperity)</p><p>Line 3: Zarb Akbarabad Sanat Julus 49</p><p>(Struck Akbarabad in year 49 of his reign associated with tranquil prosperity)</p><p><br /></p><p>The coin has no year visible.</p><p>The reverse has the regnal year "49" is in the lower left.</p><p>It equates to AH 1069+49-1 or 1117 which is around AD 1705.</p><p><br /></p><p>Aurangzeb had this building built for his wife:</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_india_tajaurangzeb_01.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p><img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie1" alt=":)" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" />[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="willieboyd2, post: 4305499, member: 4910"]I bought several Mughal India coins recently and spent some time attempting to read the Arabic text on them with the help of Richard Plant's book [I]Arabic Coins and How to Read Them[/I]. The Mughal Empire was a Sunni Islamic kingdom which lasted from AD 1526 to 1857. Their territory included most of India. Its capitol was Agra and briefly Fatehpur Sikri. Agra was also known as Akbarabad and was the location of a mint. The Muslim Kalima or statement of faith sometimes appears on Mughal coins in part or whole. It is "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah". The Rightly-Guided Caliphs of Sunni Islam are Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. Their names sometimes appear on Mughal coins. The KM number is from Krause Catalog of World Coins. [B]Jahangir AH 1014-1037 AD 1605-1627[/B] [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_jahangir_1014_jalnapur.jpg[/IMG] Mughal Rupee Jahangir Rupee Jalnapur 1014-1017 Silver, 19 mm, 11:43 gm, KM 141.6 Mint: Jalnapur Obverse: Three horizontal lines of text Line 1: Ghazi (Fighter for Islam) Line 2: Jahangir Badshah (Conqueror of the World, Emperor) Line 3: Nur-ud-din (Light of religion) Reverse: Two horizontal lines of text Line 1: "There is no god but Allah" Line 2: "Muhammad is his messenger" and mint name lower left [B]Shah Jahan AH 1037-1068 AD 1628-1658[/B] [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_shahjahan_1038_agra.jpg[/IMG] Mughal Rupee Shah Jahan Agra AH 1038 Silver, 22 mm, 10:47 gm, KM 222.1 Mint: Agra Obverse: Four horizontal lines of text Line 1: Badshah Ghazi (Emperor and fighter for Islam) Line 2: Muhammad Shah Jahan (King of the World) Line 3: Shahab ud-Din (Star of the Faith) Line 4: Sahib-i-Qiran-i-Sani Ahad (Second Lord of the Conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn, First year of reign) Reverse: Three horizontal lines of text Line 1: "There is no god but Allah" Line 2: "Muhammad is his messenger" Line 3: Sanat Dar-i-Khilafa Agra (Struck at seat of capital Agra) The year "1038" is on the left side. AH 1038 is around AD 1628 [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_shahjahan_1039_akbarabad.jpg[/IMG] Mughal Rupee Shah Jahan Akbarabad AH 1039 Silver, 22 mm, 11:31 gm, KM 227.2 Mint: Akbarabad Obverse: Four horizontal lines of text Line 1: BadShah Ghazi (Emperor and and fighter for Islam) Line 2: Al-din Muhammad Shah Jahan (Of the religion, King of the World) Line 3: Sahib Qiran Sani (Second Lord of the Conjunction of two Planets Jupiter and Saturn) Line 4: Zarb Akbarabad (Struck at Akbarabad) Reverse: Circle with two lines inside it and four lines around it Circle upper: "There is no god but Allah" Circle lower: "Muhammad is his messenger" Circle top: Caliph Abu Bakr Circle right: Caliph Umar Circle bottom: Caliph Uthman Circle left: Caliph Ali The year "1039" is on the lower right side of the circle. AH 1039 is around AD 1629 [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_shahjahan_1051_patna.jpg[/IMG] Mughal Rupee Shah Jahan Patna AH 1051 Silver, 21 mm, 11.38 gm, KM 235.20 Mint: Patna Obverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it Square upper: Badshah Ghazi (Emperor and fighter for Islam) Square lower: Shah Jahan (King of the World) Square top: Shahab-ud-Din (Star of the Faith) Square right: Muhammad Sahib (Lord Muhammad) Square bottom: Qiran-e-Sani (Second Lord of the Conjunction of two Planets Jupiter and Saturn) Square left: Zarb Patna (Struck at Patna mint, regnal year 15) Reverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it Square upper: "There is no god but Allah" Square lower: "Muhammad is his messenger" Square top: Caliph Abu Bakr Square right: Caliph Umar Square bottom: Caliph Uthman Square left: Caliph Ali The coin has no year visible. The obverse has the regnal year "15" below the long letter within the square. It equates to AH 1037+15-1 or 1051 which is around AD 1641. Shah Jahan had this building built for his wife: [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_india_tajmahal_01.jpg[/IMG] Taj Mahal, Agra [B]Aurangzeb AH 1069-1119 AD 1659-1707[/B] Aurangzeb was a devout Muslim and had the religious messages taken off coins as he did not want them to be handled by an infidel. No "In God We Trust" for him. He had 47 different mints putting out coinage. [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_aurangzeb_1081_akbarabad.jpg[/IMG] Mughal Rupee Aurangzeb Akbarabad AH 1081 Silver, 22 mm, 11.36 gm, KM 298.1 Mint: Akbarabad Obverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it Square upper: Badshah Ghazi (Emperor and fighter for Islam) Square lower: Shah Alamgir (King Conqueror of the World) Square left: Abul Muzaffar (Father of victory) Square top: Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad (Preserver religion of Muhammad) Square right: Aurangzeb (Ornament of the Throne) Square bottom: Bahadur Sanat 1081 (Brave in the year struck 1081) Reverse: Square with two lines inside it and four lines around it Square upper: Akbarabad (Mint) Square lower: Zarb (Struck at) Square left: Julus (reign) Square top: Maimanat (prosperity) Square right: Manus (associated) Square bottom: Sanat 14 (Year 14 of his reign associated with prosperity) The year "1081" is on the lower left. AH 1081 is around AD 1671 [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_mughal_rupee_aurangzeb_1117_akbarabad.jpg[/IMG] Mughal Rupee Aurangzeb Rupee Akbarabad AH 1117 Silver, 22 mm, 11:38 gm, KM 300.6 Mint: Akbarabad Obverse: Three horizontal lines of text Line 1: Shah Aurangzeb Alamgir (King, Ornament of the Throne, Conqueror of the World) Line 2: Munir Bedr Cho Zad (Like shining full moon) Line 3: Sikkah Dar Jahan (Coin struck in the world) Reverse: Three horizontal lines of text Line 1: Manus (associated) Line 2: Maimanat (prosperity) Line 3: Zarb Akbarabad Sanat Julus 49 (Struck Akbarabad in year 49 of his reign associated with tranquil prosperity) The coin has no year visible. The reverse has the regnal year "49" is in the lower left. It equates to AH 1069+49-1 or 1117 which is around AD 1705. Aurangzeb had this building built for his wife: [IMG]http://www.brianrxm.com/posts/post_india_tajaurangzeb_01.jpg[/IMG] :)[/QUOTE]
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What to do at home? Mughal Islamic coins from India!
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