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TRIVIA: Thaler Coinage of the Pre Empire German States - Chapter 17
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<p>[QUOTE="Clinker, post: 1172454, member: 6229"]<b><font size="5"><span style="color: #666666"><font size="5"><span style="color: #666666">Thaler Coinage of the Pre Empire German States - Chapter 17</span></font></span></font></b></p><p><b><font size="5"><span style="color: #666666"><font size="5"><span style="color: #666666"> </span></font></span></font></b></p><p><b><font size="5"><span style="color: #666666"><font size="5"><span style="color: #666666"></span></font></span></font></b><font size="4">Our list under the alphabetical letter <b>B</b> brings us to <b>Brunswick </b>(<i>German...Braunschweig</i>). Rermember <b><i>Thaler</i></b> Coinage didn't come into being until 1518.</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">The <b><i>Thaler</i></b> was a silver coin used throughout Europe for almost four hundred years. Its name lives on in various currencies as the <b><i>Tala</i></b>, <b><i>dollar </i></b>or <b><i>tolar</i></b>. Etymologically, <b>Thaler </b>is an abbreviation of J<b><i>oachimsthale</i></b>r, a coin type from the city of Joachimsthal (Jáchymov) in Bohemia, where some of the first such coins were minted in 1518. <b><i>Thaler</i></b> is German for <i>dale</i> or <i>dell</i>. They all mean <i>valley</i>. therefore a <b><i>Thaler</i></b> is a person or a thing <i>from the valley</i> (<b><i>Joachimsthaler</i></b>).</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Joachim, the father of the Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus, was portrayed on the coin along with the lion from the Counts' crest.</font></p><p><font size="4">Similar coins began to be minted in neighboring valleys (thals) rich in silver deposits, each named after the particular <i>thal</i> or <i>valley</i> from which the silver was extracted. There were soon so many of them that these silver coins began to be known more widely as <b><i>Thaler</i></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><i> </i></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><i></i></b>Some info about Brunswick during the use of <b><i>Thaler</i></b> coinage. During the <b><i>Thaler</i></b> era, Brunswick was divided into two Frie Stadt (Free State) entities:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>Brunswick-Lüneburg (a Duchy):</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b><u>including, at times, the principalities of:</u></font></p><p><font size="4"><u> </u></font></p><p><font size="4"><u></u>Brunswick-Bevern</font></p><p><font size="4">Brunswick-Calenberg</font></p><p><font size="4">Brunswick-Celle</font></p><p><font size="4">Brunswick-Göttingen</font></p><p><font size="4">Brunswick-Grubenhagen</font></p><p><font size="4">Brunswick-Hannover</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (a Duchy):</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b>We will use the designation of <b>Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenberg-Hannover</b> for this Chapter of Thaler Coinage of the Pre German Empire. Next Chapter (18) will cover <b><i>Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel</i></b>.</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">For your information, here's a map showing the location of <b><i>Brunswick-Lüneburg:</i></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><i> </i></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><i></i></b></font><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brunschweig-_Luneberg_Locator_1648.png" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brunschweig-_Luneberg_Locator_1648.png" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brunschweig-_Luneberg_Locator_1648.png</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p> </p><p><font size="4">You may remember, that during the last Chapter's (16) thread, Christian (chrisild) introduced us to the denomination <b><i>Pistole</i></b>. Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenburg-Hannover also issued gold <b><i>Pistole</i></b> coins of which, as Christian pointed out, were valued at <b><i>5 gold Talers</i></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><i> </i></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><i></i></b>Georg III ruled over the Duchy from 1760-1820 and mandated the use of the gold <b><i>Pistole</i></b> while he governed. Thanks to Coin Archives, you can see a photo of the gold <b><i>Pistole</i></b>:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945799&AucID=700&Lot=8448&Val=5b073927fa4cea9d967b91333b9e65f1" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945799&AucID=700&Lot=8448&Val=5b073927fa4cea9d967b91333b9e65f1" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945799&AucID=700&Lot=8448&Val=5b073927fa4cea9d967b91333b9e65f1</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p> </p><p><font size="4">If, after seeing this fine specimen of a gold <b><i>Pistole</i></b>, you are wondering what other gold coins were issued by the <b><i>Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenberg-Hannove</i></b>r Duchy keep reading (all photos courtesy of Coin Archives unless noted otherwise).</font></p><p><font size="4">Our next photo takes us back one generation to that of Duke Georg II:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945797&AucID=700&Lot=8446&Val=e3128aa257c6e5f691bcd8dbe5f87b66" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945797&AucID=700&Lot=8446&Val=e3128aa257c6e5f691bcd8dbe5f87b66" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945797&AucID=700&Lot=8446&Val=e3128aa257c6e5f691bcd8dbe5f87b66</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">The following year of Georg II's reign (1754) this Goldgulden (2 Thaler) piece was minted at Hannover featuring Georg II on its obverse:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945798&AucID=700&Lot=8447&Val=625ec18803371d9e0a43d7ee04bda338" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945798&AucID=700&Lot=8447&Val=625ec18803371d9e0a43d7ee04bda338" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945798&AucID=700&Lot=8447&Val=625ec18803371d9e0a43d7ee04bda338</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Our next photo is of another gold coin minted during Georg III's Dukedom:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945800&AucID=700&Lot=8449&Val=c1858fab302ace3487eda1eb813c643c" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945800&AucID=700&Lot=8449&Val=c1858fab302ace3487eda1eb813c643c" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945800&AucID=700&Lot=8449&Val=c1858fab302ace3487eda1eb813c643c</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">At Georg III's demise his son Georg IV inherited the Dukedom in 1820. This gold 10 Thaler bearing his image on the obverse was produced in 1828:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945801&AucID=700&Lot=8450&Val=7130272fcbb98cefa9ee13fb2c32e994" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945801&AucID=700&Lot=8450&Val=7130272fcbb98cefa9ee13fb2c32e994" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945801&AucID=700&Lot=8450&Val=7130272fcbb98cefa9ee13fb2c32e994</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Ernst August became Duke in 1837 and reigned for 14 years (1851). In his second year of leadership (1839) this gold 10 Thaler was issued bearing his bust on its obverse:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945802&AucID=700&Lot=8451&Val=936b88681055b366d11cc6058e106eb4" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945802&AucID=700&Lot=8451&Val=936b88681055b366d11cc6058e106eb4" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945802&AucID=700&Lot=8451&Val=936b88681055b366d11cc6058e106eb4</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">As you can see when viewing this 1846 gold 5 (Funf) Thaler Ernst August has aged:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945803&AucID=700&Lot=8452&Val=800ae861b60ab96a01339cef5724d14e" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945803&AucID=700&Lot=8452&Val=800ae861b60ab96a01339cef5724d14e" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945803&AucID=700&Lot=8452&Val=800ae861b60ab96a01339cef5724d14e</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">This gold coin issued in 1850 (approximatrly one year before Ernst August's death) lets you see a 2 1/2 gold Thaler:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945806&AucID=700&Lot=8455&Val=0334a7af090f3b09fe261bab54fc3882" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945806&AucID=700&Lot=8455&Val=0334a7af090f3b09fe261bab54fc3882" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945806&AucID=700&Lot=8455&Val=0334a7af090f3b09fe261bab54fc3882</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Georg V inherited the Dukedom in 1851 and ruled into 1866. Here are a few gold coins bearing his image:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945808&AucID=700&Lot=8457&Val=6f80f7f2c1c7fd89d676736f1f9689b9" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945808&AucID=700&Lot=8457&Val=6f80f7f2c1c7fd89d676736f1f9689b9" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945808&AucID=700&Lot=8457&Val=6f80f7f2c1c7fd89d676736f1f9689b9</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945810&AucID=700&Lot=8459&Val=e1be53c473aa18aa42b6cbcb0f0219dc" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945810&AucID=700&Lot=8459&Val=e1be53c473aa18aa42b6cbcb0f0219dc" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945810&AucID=700&Lot=8459&Val=e1be53c473aa18aa42b6cbcb0f0219dc</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945811&AucID=700&Lot=8460&Val=d16786a621025d1c2e77bcf455d5e4ea" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945811&AucID=700&Lot=8460&Val=d16786a621025d1c2e77bcf455d5e4ea" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945811&AucID=700&Lot=8460&Val=d16786a621025d1c2e77bcf455d5e4ea</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">And now let's look at some silver Thalers you may not know about. They are denoted as Palmbaumthalers and are religious as they reference to the Biblical Psalm Chapter 92 Verse 12. Here are several Bible translations:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>New International Version:</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b>"The righteous will flourish like a palm tree, they will grow like a cedar of Lebanon."</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>American Standard Version:</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b>"The righteous shall flourish like the palm-tree: He shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon."</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>Bible in Basic English:</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b>"The good man will be like a tall tree in his strength; his growth will be as the wide-stretching trees of Lebanon."</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>Complete Jewish Bible:</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b>"The righteous will flourish like a palm tree, they will grow like a cedar in the L'vanon."</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>Douay-Rheims Bibles (catholic vsrsions):</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b>"The just shall flourish like the palm tree: he shall grow up like the cedar of Libanus."</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Here's photos of the coins which were issued during the reign of Duke Johann Friedrich (1665-1679):</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973755&AucID=905&Lot=1665&Val=8ed9cd34d68e8f6a2fddb5fda552c923" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973755&AucID=905&Lot=1665&Val=8ed9cd34d68e8f6a2fddb5fda552c923" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973755&AucID=905&Lot=1665&Val=8ed9cd34d68e8f6a2fddb5fda552c923</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973756&AucID=905&Lot=1666&Val=557a4041e77deb5654d99819d290c598" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973756&AucID=905&Lot=1666&Val=557a4041e77deb5654d99819d290c598" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973756&AucID=905&Lot=1666&Val=557a4041e77deb5654d99819d290c598</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973757&AucID=905&Lot=1667&Val=151b2dd7638a7531f0cb26b10825c582" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973757&AucID=905&Lot=1667&Val=151b2dd7638a7531f0cb26b10825c582" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973757&AucID=905&Lot=1667&Val=151b2dd7638a7531f0cb26b10825c582</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973759&AucID=905&Lot=1669&Val=e692f46f39a03840389769a4aa948f5b" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973759&AucID=905&Lot=1669&Val=e692f46f39a03840389769a4aa948f5b" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973759&AucID=905&Lot=1669&Val=e692f46f39a03840389769a4aa948f5b</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Under the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle, when Christian Ludwig goverened (1648-1665), this 1658 Thaler is representive of the coins issued during his leadership:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=960818&AucID=710&Lot=10396&Val=383a823f13830bbb741a626e7cf1886c" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=960818&AucID=710&Lot=10396&Val=383a823f13830bbb741a626e7cf1886c" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=960818&AucID=710&Lot=10396&Val=383a823f13830bbb741a626e7cf1886c</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Here's a Reichsthaler struck in 1660 under the governorship of Georg Wilhelm (1648-1665):</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942255&AucID=698&Lot=4309&Val=db70a79c47f7d16a83a2dbcfc2d3c9de" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942255&AucID=698&Lot=4309&Val=db70a79c47f7d16a83a2dbcfc2d3c9de" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942255&AucID=698&Lot=4309&Val=db70a79c47f7d16a83a2dbcfc2d3c9de</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">This design followed in 1670:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942256&AucID=698&Lot=4310&Val=4586948a34f8f45431cc132bf73a3fb4" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942256&AucID=698&Lot=4310&Val=4586948a34f8f45431cc132bf73a3fb4" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942256&AucID=698&Lot=4310&Val=4586948a34f8f45431cc132bf73a3fb4</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">This reichsthaler was minted in 1679 during Johann Freiedrich's last year as Duke:</font></p><p><font size="4"><br /></font> </p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942258&AucID=698&Lot=4312&Val=c14a463bebcac81108d5e1b018a463bb" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942258&AucID=698&Lot=4312&Val=c14a463bebcac81108d5e1b018a463bb" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942258&AucID=698&Lot=4312&Val=c14a463bebcac81108d5e1b018a463bb</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">During the leadership years of Ernst August (1679-1698) the following Reichsthaler coins are indicative of the coinage minted in those 19 years:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942259&AucID=698&Lot=4313&Val=26744b504a454ef7502688cc95077cd8" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942259&AucID=698&Lot=4313&Val=26744b504a454ef7502688cc95077cd8" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942259&AucID=698&Lot=4313&Val=26744b504a454ef7502688cc95077cd8</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942260&AucID=698&Lot=4314&Val=ff79886f00d51d687b33f3af7b698eae" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942260&AucID=698&Lot=4314&Val=ff79886f00d51d687b33f3af7b698eae" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942260&AucID=698&Lot=4314&Val=ff79886f00d51d687b33f3af7b698eae</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942261&AucID=698&Lot=4315&Val=376bd7ddce6421683986aed17848eef2" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942261&AucID=698&Lot=4315&Val=376bd7ddce6421683986aed17848eef2" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942261&AucID=698&Lot=4315&Val=376bd7ddce6421683986aed17848eef2</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">The following Reichsthalers were minted during the governship of Duke George I. Ludwig (1698-1713):</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942262&AucID=698&Lot=4316&Val=d00f38d971f25dedbbaad935a2691cb2" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942262&AucID=698&Lot=4316&Val=d00f38d971f25dedbbaad935a2691cb2" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942262&AucID=698&Lot=4316&Val=d00f38d971f25dedbbaad935a2691cb2</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942263&AucID=698&Lot=4317&Val=6306520683d26df3e17973c83a5a98a5" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942263&AucID=698&Lot=4317&Val=6306520683d26df3e17973c83a5a98a5" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942263&AucID=698&Lot=4317&Val=6306520683d26df3e17973c83a5a98a5</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942264&AucID=698&Lot=4318&Val=34596298ffbdd874b6471dd21fccebcb" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942264&AucID=698&Lot=4318&Val=34596298ffbdd874b6471dd21fccebcb" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942264&AucID=698&Lot=4318&Val=34596298ffbdd874b6471dd21fccebcb</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942265&AucID=698&Lot=4319&Val=03793ac3e50cf2a9e2f03c5fd6a2bb60" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942265&AucID=698&Lot=4319&Val=03793ac3e50cf2a9e2f03c5fd6a2bb60" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942265&AucID=698&Lot=4319&Val=03793ac3e50cf2a9e2f03c5fd6a2bb60</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942266&AucID=698&Lot=4320&Val=9051900d87e3fdd5bc97eff612ac54c4" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942266&AucID=698&Lot=4320&Val=9051900d87e3fdd5bc97eff612ac54c4" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942266&AucID=698&Lot=4320&Val=9051900d87e3fdd5bc97eff612ac54c4</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">This is a commemorative to Georg I; the first Hanovarian King of England. George I of Great Britain was the reigning <b>Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg</b>, and was finally made an official and recognized prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire in 1708. His possessions were enlarged in 1706 when the hereditary lands of the Calenberg branch of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg merged with the lands of the Lüneburg-Celle branch to form the state of Hanover. Subsequently, George I was referred to as Elector of Hanover.</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">This is a different commemorative Reichsthaler:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">These are regular circulation Reichsthaler:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942268&AucID=698&Lot=4322&Val=46fde779155149a65886745aa76dea69" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942268&AucID=698&Lot=4322&Val=46fde779155149a65886745aa76dea69" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942268&AucID=698&Lot=4322&Val=46fde779155149a65886745aa76dea69</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942269&AucID=698&Lot=4323&Val=0c70ce38e9aa2545dd01abcd30d77b03" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942269&AucID=698&Lot=4323&Val=0c70ce38e9aa2545dd01abcd30d77b03" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942269&AucID=698&Lot=4323&Val=0c70ce38e9aa2545dd01abcd30d77b03</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">This Reichsthaler was minted during the leadership of Georg II (1727-1760):</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942270&AucID=698&Lot=4324&Val=0e6846db93d4161991970de6e26295b3" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942270&AucID=698&Lot=4324&Val=0e6846db93d4161991970de6e26295b3" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942270&AucID=698&Lot=4324&Val=0e6846db93d4161991970de6e26295b3</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">During the Dukedom of Georg III (1760-1820) these Reichsthaler were produced:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942271&AucID=698&Lot=4325&Val=f85b47425c31e3156e5a01d4cae7ee68" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942271&AucID=698&Lot=4325&Val=f85b47425c31e3156e5a01d4cae7ee68" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942271&AucID=698&Lot=4325&Val=f85b47425c31e3156e5a01d4cae7ee68</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">and this Thaler:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942273&AucID=698&Lot=4327&Val=6de37017030f0f913bb485bde889fc56" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942273&AucID=698&Lot=4327&Val=6de37017030f0f913bb485bde889fc56" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942273&AucID=698&Lot=4327&Val=6de37017030f0f913bb485bde889fc56</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Georg IV inherited the Dukedom in 1820, but only served for ten years. This was the last Konventionthaler bearing his image:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942276&AucID=698&Lot=4330&Val=d0510e26965272a291620bae3a247b4e" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942276&AucID=698&Lot=4330&Val=d0510e26965272a291620bae3a247b4e" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942276&AucID=698&Lot=4330&Val=d0510e26965272a291620bae3a247b4e</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Wilhelm IV ruled for the next seven years (1830-1834). Here's four of his silver coins:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942277&AucID=698&Lot=4331&Val=c3cc352a804dc1fd5d9413718b038f63" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942277&AucID=698&Lot=4331&Val=c3cc352a804dc1fd5d9413718b038f63" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942277&AucID=698&Lot=4331&Val=c3cc352a804dc1fd5d9413718b038f63</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942278&AucID=698&Lot=4332&Val=5c02ed4c71e0d4c49f912549a34049ef" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942278&AucID=698&Lot=4332&Val=5c02ed4c71e0d4c49f912549a34049ef" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942278&AucID=698&Lot=4332&Val=5c02ed4c71e0d4c49f912549a34049ef</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942279&AucID=698&Lot=4333&Val=41dbce033b79664ada67f95f047a7248" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942279&AucID=698&Lot=4333&Val=41dbce033b79664ada67f95f047a7248" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942279&AucID=698&Lot=4333&Val=41dbce033b79664ada67f95f047a7248</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942280&AucID=698&Lot=4334&Val=e3018703262ce32f94b42768c8e37ce8" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942280&AucID=698&Lot=4334&Val=e3018703262ce32f94b42768c8e37ce8" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942280&AucID=698&Lot=4334&Val=e3018703262ce32f94b42768c8e37ce8</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Ernst August came into power in 1837 and reigned until 1851. Here's a few coins minted while he ruled:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942281&AucID=698&Lot=4335&Val=bf8b0688fb1969baa7f3dececd7605ee" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942281&AucID=698&Lot=4335&Val=bf8b0688fb1969baa7f3dececd7605ee" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942281&AucID=698&Lot=4335&Val=bf8b0688fb1969baa7f3dececd7605ee</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942283&AucID=698&Lot=4337&Val=e2cd016e35814b4261f9a74e389688b6" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942283&AucID=698&Lot=4337&Val=e2cd016e35814b4261f9a74e389688b6" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942283&AucID=698&Lot=4337&Val=e2cd016e35814b4261f9a74e389688b6</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942287&AucID=698&Lot=4341&Val=ddc0deb6e0c24edc8eefb04f1b0675cd" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942287&AucID=698&Lot=4341&Val=ddc0deb6e0c24edc8eefb04f1b0675cd" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942287&AucID=698&Lot=4341&Val=ddc0deb6e0c24edc8eefb04f1b0675cd</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">This is a Vereinsthaler:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942291&AucID=698&Lot=4345&Val=2668b3351ef773bc1479d51c69687319" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942291&AucID=698&Lot=4345&Val=2668b3351ef773bc1479d51c69687319" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942291&AucID=698&Lot=4345&Val=2668b3351ef773bc1479d51c69687319</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Georg V was Duke from 1851 until 1866:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>1853 B Thaler:</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942293&AucID=698&Lot=4347&Val=d1e7cea7a367082ed05e897ae8ac5b49" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942293&AucID=698&Lot=4347&Val=d1e7cea7a367082ed05e897ae8ac5b49" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942293&AucID=698&Lot=4347&Val=d1e7cea7a367082ed05e897ae8ac5b49</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>1854 B Vereinsdopplethaler:</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942294&AucID=698&Lot=4348&Val=3e90cec15f80b2375425326180f5998e" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942294&AucID=698&Lot=4348&Val=3e90cec15f80b2375425326180f5998e" rel="nofollow"><b><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942294&AucID=698&Lot=4348&Val=3e90cec15f80b2375425326180f5998e</span></font></span></font></u></b></a></p><p><b><u><font size="4"> </font></u></b></p><p><b><u><font size="4">1862 B Doppelter Vereinsthaler:</font></u></b></p><p><b><u><font size="4"> </font></u></b></p><p><b><u><font size="4"></font></u></b><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942297&AucID=698&Lot=4351&Val=975c1f66a3ca8550106fab925f27d105" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942297&AucID=698&Lot=4351&Val=975c1f66a3ca8550106fab925f27d105" rel="nofollow"><b><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942297&AucID=698&Lot=4351&Val=975c1f66a3ca8550106fab925f27d105</span></font></span></font></u></b></a></p><p><b><u><font size="4"> </font></u></b></p><p><b><u><font size="4">1865 B Vereinsthaler:</font></u></b></p><p><b><u><font size="4"> </font></u></b></p><p><b><u><font size="4"></font></u></b><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942299&AucID=698&Lot=4353&Val=86a5e6e07e28dc7a901efc4564b21716" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942299&AucID=698&Lot=4353&Val=86a5e6e07e28dc7a901efc4564b21716" rel="nofollow"><b><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942299&AucID=698&Lot=4353&Val=86a5e6e07e28dc7a901efc4564b21716</span></font></span></font></u></b></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u>1865 B Veriensthaler Upstalsboom:</u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u> </u></b></font></p><p><font size="4"><b><u></u></b></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942301&AucID=698&Lot=4355&Val=7a3ac8be425ca2530f95a76805d6f8e7" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942301&AucID=698&Lot=4355&Val=7a3ac8be425ca2530f95a76805d6f8e7" rel="nofollow"><b><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942301&AucID=698&Lot=4355&Val=7a3ac8be425ca2530f95a76805d6f8e7</span></font></span></font></u></b></a></p><p><b><u><font size="4"> </font></u></b></p><p><b><u><font size="4"></font></u></b><font size="4">From 1660-1698 Karl IX reigned as Duke. Here's a Reichsthaler minted in 1692 bearing the initials (JCA) of the mintmaster, Johann Christian Arensburg:</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=941250&AucID=697&Lot=2690&Val=0cfb35d86a6fe0e3d1809625a98a44be" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=941250&AucID=697&Lot=2690&Val=0cfb35d86a6fe0e3d1809625a98a44be" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=941250&AucID=697&Lot=2690&Val=0cfb35d86a6fe0e3d1809625a98a44be</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Duke Georg Ludwig saw these four minor coins struck while in office (1698-1714):</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964388&AucID=714&Lot=1131&Val=94330c5981d345580108ef6f19d48ea6" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964388&AucID=714&Lot=1131&Val=94330c5981d345580108ef6f19d48ea6" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964388&AucID=714&Lot=1131&Val=94330c5981d345580108ef6f19d48ea6</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964389&AucID=714&Lot=1132&Val=ff5abadd652de9a94300023c33f4c98c" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964389&AucID=714&Lot=1132&Val=ff5abadd652de9a94300023c33f4c98c" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964389&AucID=714&Lot=1132&Val=ff5abadd652de9a94300023c33f4c98c</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964390&AucID=714&Lot=1133&Val=2adbf6f525f2808e3807bab17897cd8e" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964390&AucID=714&Lot=1133&Val=2adbf6f525f2808e3807bab17897cd8e" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964390&AucID=714&Lot=1133&Val=2adbf6f525f2808e3807bab17897cd8e</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4"></font><a href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964391&AucID=714&Lot=1134&Val=e0851e3135336fc8cab6aa3ed368dc1b" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964391&AucID=714&Lot=1134&Val=e0851e3135336fc8cab6aa3ed368dc1b" rel="nofollow"><u><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff"><font size="4"><span style="color: #0000ff">http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964391&AucID=714&Lot=1134&Val=e0851e3135336fc8cab6aa3ed368dc1b</span></font></span></font></u></a></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Hope you enjoyed this numismatic trip through an old historical German piggy bank.</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">To be continued...</font></p><p><font size="4"> </font></p><p><font size="4">Clinker</font></p><p><font size="4"></font>[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="Clinker, post: 1172454, member: 6229"][B][SIZE=5][COLOR=#666666][SIZE=5][COLOR=#666666]Thaler Coinage of the Pre Empire German States - Chapter 17 [/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/B][SIZE=5][COLOR=#666666][SIZE=5][COLOR=#666666][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][SIZE=4]Our list under the alphabetical letter [B]B[/B] brings us to [B]Brunswick [/B]([I]German...Braunschweig[/I]). Rermember [B][I]Thaler[/I][/B][I][/I] Coinage didn't come into being until 1518. The [B][I]Thaler[/I][/B][I][/I] was a silver coin used throughout Europe for almost four hundred years. Its name lives on in various currencies as the [B][I]Tala[/I][/B][I][/I], [B][I]dollar [/I][/B][I][/I]or [B][I]tolar[/I][/B][I][/I]. Etymologically, [B]Thaler [/B]is an abbreviation of J[B][I]oachimsthale[/I][/B][I][/I]r, a coin type from the city of Joachimsthal (Jáchymov) in Bohemia, where some of the first such coins were minted in 1518. [B][I]Thaler[/I][/B][I][/I] is German for [I]dale[/I] or [I]dell[/I]. They all mean [I]valley[/I]. therefore a [B][I]Thaler[/I][/B][I][/I] is a person or a thing [I]from the valley[/I] ([B][I]Joachimsthaler[/I][/B][I][/I]). Joachim, the father of the Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus, was portrayed on the coin along with the lion from the Counts' crest. Similar coins began to be minted in neighboring valleys (thals) rich in silver deposits, each named after the particular [I]thal[/I] or [I]valley[/I] from which the silver was extracted. There were soon so many of them that these silver coins began to be known more widely as [B][I]Thaler[/I][/B] [B][I] [/I][/B][I][/I]Some info about Brunswick during the use of [B][I]Thaler[/I][/B][I][/I] coinage. During the [B][I]Thaler[/I][/B][I][/I] era, Brunswick was divided into two Frie Stadt (Free State) entities: [B][U]Brunswick-Lüneburg (a Duchy): [/U][/B][U]including, at times, the principalities of: [/U]Brunswick-Bevern Brunswick-Calenberg Brunswick-Celle Brunswick-Göttingen Brunswick-Grubenhagen Brunswick-Hannover [B][U]Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (a Duchy): [/U][/B][U][/U]We will use the designation of [B]Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenberg-Hannover[/B] for this Chapter of Thaler Coinage of the Pre German Empire. Next Chapter (18) will cover [B][I]Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel[/I][/B][I][/I]. For your information, here's a map showing the location of [B][I]Brunswick-Lüneburg:[/I][/B] [B][I] [/I][/B][I][/I][/SIZE][URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brunschweig-_Luneberg_Locator_1648.png"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brunschweig-_Luneberg_Locator_1648.png[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4]You may remember, that during the last Chapter's (16) thread, Christian (chrisild) introduced us to the denomination [B][I]Pistole[/I][/B][I][/I]. Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenburg-Hannover also issued gold [B][I]Pistole[/I][/B][I][/I] coins of which, as Christian pointed out, were valued at [B][I]5 gold Talers[/I][/B] [B][I] [/I][/B][I][/I]Georg III ruled over the Duchy from 1760-1820 and mandated the use of the gold [B][I]Pistole[/I][/B][I][/I] while he governed. Thanks to Coin Archives, you can see a photo of the gold [B][I]Pistole[/I][/B][I][/I]: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945799&AucID=700&Lot=8448&Val=5b073927fa4cea9d967b91333b9e65f1"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945799&AucID=700&Lot=8448&Val=5b073927fa4cea9d967b91333b9e65f1[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4]If, after seeing this fine specimen of a gold [B][I]Pistole[/I][/B][I][/I], you are wondering what other gold coins were issued by the [B][I]Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenberg-Hannove[/I][/B][I][/I]r Duchy keep reading (all photos courtesy of Coin Archives unless noted otherwise). Our next photo takes us back one generation to that of Duke Georg II: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945797&AucID=700&Lot=8446&Val=e3128aa257c6e5f691bcd8dbe5f87b66"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945797&AucID=700&Lot=8446&Val=e3128aa257c6e5f691bcd8dbe5f87b66[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] The following year of Georg II's reign (1754) this Goldgulden (2 Thaler) piece was minted at Hannover featuring Georg II on its obverse: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945798&AucID=700&Lot=8447&Val=625ec18803371d9e0a43d7ee04bda338"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945798&AucID=700&Lot=8447&Val=625ec18803371d9e0a43d7ee04bda338[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Our next photo is of another gold coin minted during Georg III's Dukedom: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945800&AucID=700&Lot=8449&Val=c1858fab302ace3487eda1eb813c643c"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945800&AucID=700&Lot=8449&Val=c1858fab302ace3487eda1eb813c643c[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] At Georg III's demise his son Georg IV inherited the Dukedom in 1820. This gold 10 Thaler bearing his image on the obverse was produced in 1828: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945801&AucID=700&Lot=8450&Val=7130272fcbb98cefa9ee13fb2c32e994"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945801&AucID=700&Lot=8450&Val=7130272fcbb98cefa9ee13fb2c32e994[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Ernst August became Duke in 1837 and reigned for 14 years (1851). In his second year of leadership (1839) this gold 10 Thaler was issued bearing his bust on its obverse: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945802&AucID=700&Lot=8451&Val=936b88681055b366d11cc6058e106eb4"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945802&AucID=700&Lot=8451&Val=936b88681055b366d11cc6058e106eb4[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] As you can see when viewing this 1846 gold 5 (Funf) Thaler Ernst August has aged: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945803&AucID=700&Lot=8452&Val=800ae861b60ab96a01339cef5724d14e"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945803&AucID=700&Lot=8452&Val=800ae861b60ab96a01339cef5724d14e[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] This gold coin issued in 1850 (approximatrly one year before Ernst August's death) lets you see a 2 1/2 gold Thaler: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945806&AucID=700&Lot=8455&Val=0334a7af090f3b09fe261bab54fc3882"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945806&AucID=700&Lot=8455&Val=0334a7af090f3b09fe261bab54fc3882[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Georg V inherited the Dukedom in 1851 and ruled into 1866. Here are a few gold coins bearing his image: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945808&AucID=700&Lot=8457&Val=6f80f7f2c1c7fd89d676736f1f9689b9"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945808&AucID=700&Lot=8457&Val=6f80f7f2c1c7fd89d676736f1f9689b9[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4][/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945810&AucID=700&Lot=8459&Val=e1be53c473aa18aa42b6cbcb0f0219dc"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945810&AucID=700&Lot=8459&Val=e1be53c473aa18aa42b6cbcb0f0219dc[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4][/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945811&AucID=700&Lot=8460&Val=d16786a621025d1c2e77bcf455d5e4ea"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=945811&AucID=700&Lot=8460&Val=d16786a621025d1c2e77bcf455d5e4ea[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] And now let's look at some silver Thalers you may not know about. They are denoted as Palmbaumthalers and are religious as they reference to the Biblical Psalm Chapter 92 Verse 12. Here are several Bible translations: [B][U]New International Version: [/U][/B][U][/U]"The righteous will flourish like a palm tree, they will grow like a cedar of Lebanon." [B][U]American Standard Version: [/U][/B][U][/U]"The righteous shall flourish like the palm-tree: He shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon." [B][U]Bible in Basic English: [/U][/B][U][/U]"The good man will be like a tall tree in his strength; his growth will be as the wide-stretching trees of Lebanon." [B][U]Complete Jewish Bible: [/U][/B][U][/U]"The righteous will flourish like a palm tree, they will grow like a cedar in the L'vanon." [B][U]Douay-Rheims Bibles (catholic vsrsions): [/U][/B][U][/U]"The just shall flourish like the palm tree: he shall grow up like the cedar of Libanus." Here's photos of the coins which were issued during the reign of Duke Johann Friedrich (1665-1679): [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973755&AucID=905&Lot=1665&Val=8ed9cd34d68e8f6a2fddb5fda552c923"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973755&AucID=905&Lot=1665&Val=8ed9cd34d68e8f6a2fddb5fda552c923[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4][/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973756&AucID=905&Lot=1666&Val=557a4041e77deb5654d99819d290c598"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973756&AucID=905&Lot=1666&Val=557a4041e77deb5654d99819d290c598[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4][/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973757&AucID=905&Lot=1667&Val=151b2dd7638a7531f0cb26b10825c582"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973757&AucID=905&Lot=1667&Val=151b2dd7638a7531f0cb26b10825c582[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4][/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973759&AucID=905&Lot=1669&Val=e692f46f39a03840389769a4aa948f5b"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=973759&AucID=905&Lot=1669&Val=e692f46f39a03840389769a4aa948f5b[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Under the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle, when Christian Ludwig goverened (1648-1665), this 1658 Thaler is representive of the coins issued during his leadership: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=960818&AucID=710&Lot=10396&Val=383a823f13830bbb741a626e7cf1886c"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=960818&AucID=710&Lot=10396&Val=383a823f13830bbb741a626e7cf1886c[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Here's a Reichsthaler struck in 1660 under the governorship of Georg Wilhelm (1648-1665): [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942255&AucID=698&Lot=4309&Val=db70a79c47f7d16a83a2dbcfc2d3c9de"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942255&AucID=698&Lot=4309&Val=db70a79c47f7d16a83a2dbcfc2d3c9de[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] This design followed in 1670: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942256&AucID=698&Lot=4310&Val=4586948a34f8f45431cc132bf73a3fb4"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942256&AucID=698&Lot=4310&Val=4586948a34f8f45431cc132bf73a3fb4[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] This reichsthaler was minted in 1679 during Johann Freiedrich's last year as Duke: [/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942258&AucID=698&Lot=4312&Val=c14a463bebcac81108d5e1b018a463bb"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942258&AucID=698&Lot=4312&Val=c14a463bebcac81108d5e1b018a463bb[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] During the leadership years of Ernst August (1679-1698) the following Reichsthaler coins are indicative of the coinage minted in those 19 years: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942259&AucID=698&Lot=4313&Val=26744b504a454ef7502688cc95077cd8"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942259&AucID=698&Lot=4313&Val=26744b504a454ef7502688cc95077cd8[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4][/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942260&AucID=698&Lot=4314&Val=ff79886f00d51d687b33f3af7b698eae"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942260&AucID=698&Lot=4314&Val=ff79886f00d51d687b33f3af7b698eae[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4][/SIZE] [URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942261&AucID=698&Lot=4315&Val=376bd7ddce6421683986aed17848eef2"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942261&AucID=698&Lot=4315&Val=376bd7ddce6421683986aed17848eef2[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] The following Reichsthalers were minted during the governship of Duke George I. Ludwig (1698-1713): [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942262&AucID=698&Lot=4316&Val=d00f38d971f25dedbbaad935a2691cb2"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942262&AucID=698&Lot=4316&Val=d00f38d971f25dedbbaad935a2691cb2[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942263&AucID=698&Lot=4317&Val=6306520683d26df3e17973c83a5a98a5"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942263&AucID=698&Lot=4317&Val=6306520683d26df3e17973c83a5a98a5[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942264&AucID=698&Lot=4318&Val=34596298ffbdd874b6471dd21fccebcb"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942264&AucID=698&Lot=4318&Val=34596298ffbdd874b6471dd21fccebcb[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942265&AucID=698&Lot=4319&Val=03793ac3e50cf2a9e2f03c5fd6a2bb60"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942265&AucID=698&Lot=4319&Val=03793ac3e50cf2a9e2f03c5fd6a2bb60[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942266&AucID=698&Lot=4320&Val=9051900d87e3fdd5bc97eff612ac54c4"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942266&AucID=698&Lot=4320&Val=9051900d87e3fdd5bc97eff612ac54c4[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] This is a commemorative to Georg I; the first Hanovarian King of England. George I of Great Britain was the reigning [B]Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg[/B], and was finally made an official and recognized prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire in 1708. His possessions were enlarged in 1706 when the hereditary lands of the Calenberg branch of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg merged with the lands of the Lüneburg-Celle branch to form the state of Hanover. Subsequently, George I was referred to as Elector of Hanover. [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] This is a different commemorative Reichsthaler: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942267&AucID=698&Lot=4321&Val=536c008a5251764cc1c121eff07d3307[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] These are regular circulation Reichsthaler: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942268&AucID=698&Lot=4322&Val=46fde779155149a65886745aa76dea69"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942268&AucID=698&Lot=4322&Val=46fde779155149a65886745aa76dea69[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942269&AucID=698&Lot=4323&Val=0c70ce38e9aa2545dd01abcd30d77b03"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942269&AucID=698&Lot=4323&Val=0c70ce38e9aa2545dd01abcd30d77b03[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] This Reichsthaler was minted during the leadership of Georg II (1727-1760): [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942270&AucID=698&Lot=4324&Val=0e6846db93d4161991970de6e26295b3"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942270&AucID=698&Lot=4324&Val=0e6846db93d4161991970de6e26295b3[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] During the Dukedom of Georg III (1760-1820) these Reichsthaler were produced: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942271&AucID=698&Lot=4325&Val=f85b47425c31e3156e5a01d4cae7ee68"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942271&AucID=698&Lot=4325&Val=f85b47425c31e3156e5a01d4cae7ee68[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942272&AucID=698&Lot=4326&Val=61ffcc342b103add198ed62230a5965c[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] and this Thaler: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942273&AucID=698&Lot=4327&Val=6de37017030f0f913bb485bde889fc56"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942273&AucID=698&Lot=4327&Val=6de37017030f0f913bb485bde889fc56[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Georg IV inherited the Dukedom in 1820, but only served for ten years. This was the last Konventionthaler bearing his image: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942276&AucID=698&Lot=4330&Val=d0510e26965272a291620bae3a247b4e"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942276&AucID=698&Lot=4330&Val=d0510e26965272a291620bae3a247b4e[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Wilhelm IV ruled for the next seven years (1830-1834). Here's four of his silver coins: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942277&AucID=698&Lot=4331&Val=c3cc352a804dc1fd5d9413718b038f63"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942277&AucID=698&Lot=4331&Val=c3cc352a804dc1fd5d9413718b038f63[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942278&AucID=698&Lot=4332&Val=5c02ed4c71e0d4c49f912549a34049ef"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942278&AucID=698&Lot=4332&Val=5c02ed4c71e0d4c49f912549a34049ef[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942279&AucID=698&Lot=4333&Val=41dbce033b79664ada67f95f047a7248"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942279&AucID=698&Lot=4333&Val=41dbce033b79664ada67f95f047a7248[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942280&AucID=698&Lot=4334&Val=e3018703262ce32f94b42768c8e37ce8"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942280&AucID=698&Lot=4334&Val=e3018703262ce32f94b42768c8e37ce8[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Ernst August came into power in 1837 and reigned until 1851. Here's a few coins minted while he ruled: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942281&AucID=698&Lot=4335&Val=bf8b0688fb1969baa7f3dececd7605ee"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942281&AucID=698&Lot=4335&Val=bf8b0688fb1969baa7f3dececd7605ee[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942283&AucID=698&Lot=4337&Val=e2cd016e35814b4261f9a74e389688b6"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942283&AucID=698&Lot=4337&Val=e2cd016e35814b4261f9a74e389688b6[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942287&AucID=698&Lot=4341&Val=ddc0deb6e0c24edc8eefb04f1b0675cd"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942287&AucID=698&Lot=4341&Val=ddc0deb6e0c24edc8eefb04f1b0675cd[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] This is a Vereinsthaler: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942291&AucID=698&Lot=4345&Val=2668b3351ef773bc1479d51c69687319"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942291&AucID=698&Lot=4345&Val=2668b3351ef773bc1479d51c69687319[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Georg V was Duke from 1851 until 1866: [B][U]1853 B Thaler: [/U][/B][U][/U] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942293&AucID=698&Lot=4347&Val=d1e7cea7a367082ed05e897ae8ac5b49"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942293&AucID=698&Lot=4347&Val=d1e7cea7a367082ed05e897ae8ac5b49[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [B][U]1854 B Vereinsdopplethaler: [/U][/B][/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942294&AucID=698&Lot=4348&Val=3e90cec15f80b2375425326180f5998e"][B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942294&AucID=698&Lot=4348&Val=3e90cec15f80b2375425326180f5998e[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/color][/size][/color][/size][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [B][U][SIZE=4] 1862 B Doppelter Vereinsthaler: [/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][/size][/B][SIZE=4][/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942297&AucID=698&Lot=4351&Val=975c1f66a3ca8550106fab925f27d105"][B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942297&AucID=698&Lot=4351&Val=975c1f66a3ca8550106fab925f27d105[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/color][/size][/color][/size][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [B][U][SIZE=4] 1865 B Vereinsthaler: [/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][/size][/B][SIZE=4][/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942299&AucID=698&Lot=4353&Val=86a5e6e07e28dc7a901efc4564b21716"][B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942299&AucID=698&Lot=4353&Val=86a5e6e07e28dc7a901efc4564b21716[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/color][/size][/color][/size][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [B][U]1865 B Veriensthaler Upstalsboom: [/U][/B][/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942301&AucID=698&Lot=4355&Val=7a3ac8be425ca2530f95a76805d6f8e7"][B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=942301&AucID=698&Lot=4355&Val=7a3ac8be425ca2530f95a76805d6f8e7[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][/B][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/color][/size][/color][/size][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [B][U][SIZE=4] [/SIZE][/U][/B][U][SIZE=4][/size][/U][SIZE=4]From 1660-1698 Karl IX reigned as Duke. Here's a Reichsthaler minted in 1692 bearing the initials (JCA) of the mintmaster, Johann Christian Arensburg: [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=941250&AucID=697&Lot=2690&Val=0cfb35d86a6fe0e3d1809625a98a44be"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=941250&AucID=697&Lot=2690&Val=0cfb35d86a6fe0e3d1809625a98a44be[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Duke Georg Ludwig saw these four minor coins struck while in office (1698-1714): [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964388&AucID=714&Lot=1131&Val=94330c5981d345580108ef6f19d48ea6"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964388&AucID=714&Lot=1131&Val=94330c5981d345580108ef6f19d48ea6[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964389&AucID=714&Lot=1132&Val=ff5abadd652de9a94300023c33f4c98c"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964389&AucID=714&Lot=1132&Val=ff5abadd652de9a94300023c33f4c98c[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964390&AucID=714&Lot=1133&Val=2adbf6f525f2808e3807bab17897cd8e"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964390&AucID=714&Lot=1133&Val=2adbf6f525f2808e3807bab17897cd8e[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] [/SIZE][URL="http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964391&AucID=714&Lot=1134&Val=e0851e3135336fc8cab6aa3ed368dc1b"][U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff]http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=964391&AucID=714&Lot=1134&Val=e0851e3135336fc8cab6aa3ed368dc1b[/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/U][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][SIZE=4][COLOR=#0000ff][/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/URL] [SIZE=4] Hope you enjoyed this numismatic trip through an old historical German piggy bank. To be continued... Clinker [/SIZE][/QUOTE]
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TRIVIA: Thaler Coinage of the Pre Empire German States - Chapter 17
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