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<p>[QUOTE="Roman Collector, post: 4291319, member: 75937"]<blockquote><p><i>Post your coins depicting Felicitas or anything you feel is relevant!</i></p></blockquote><p><br /></p><p>Felicitas was the personification of happiness, good luck, and prosperity. There are subtle difference in the words for "happiness" in Latin: <i>Felicitas</i> connotes contentment, whereas <i>hilaritas</i> connotes rejoicing and <i>laetitia</i> connotes delight and gladness. Felicitas is depicted as a Roman matron, dressed in a stola and palla, either standing or seated, holding a caduceus and cornucopia or scepter. Sometimes she leans on a column.</p><p><br /></p><p>While Trebonianus issued no coins depicting Laetitia or Hilaritas, he issued a LOT of coins advertising Felicitas, using all three mints to do so. Because a shameful and costly peace treaty with the Goths and a devastating plague ravishing the empire resulted in so much <i>felicitas</i> for the <i>pvblica</i> that numismatists and historians refer to AD 249-253 as "<a href="http://sonic.net/~marius1/mysite/index.htm" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://sonic.net/~marius1/mysite/index.htm" rel="nofollow">four bad years</a>."</p><p><br /></p><p>The emperor doth protest too much, methinks. It's as if he's saying ...</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1092332[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>And ...</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1092333[/ATTACH]</p><p>I'll show examples of FELICITAS coins issued by Trebonianus Gallus from each of his three mints. My collection is by no means complete, either.</p><p><br /></p><p>While you experience delight (<i>laetitia</i>) in looking at slipshod artistry on irregular, debased flans, knowing that the worst is yet to come, I hope you enjoy this song about Felicity from my high school days, which I also refer to as "four bad years." Orange Juice is perhaps best described as a Scottish Talking Heads.</p><p><br /></p><p>[MEDIA=youtube]cJuNWzgUNfQ[/MEDIA]</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Rome mint FELICITAS:</b></p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1092337[/ATTACH]</p><p>Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253.</p><p>Roman billon antoninianus, 3.80 g, 20.8 mm, 12 h.</p><p>Rome, AD 251-2.</p><p>Obv: IMP CAE C VIB TREB GALLVS, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right.</p><p>Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA, Felicitas standing left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae.</p><p>Refs: RIC 33; Cohen 37; RCV 9629; Hunter 4.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1092339[/ATTACH]</p><p>Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253.</p><p>Roman billon antoninianus, 3.52 g, 21.2 mm, 6 h.</p><p>Rome, AD 251.</p><p>Obv: IMP CAE C VIB TREB GALLVS, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right.</p><p>Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA, Felicitas standing left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae; star in right field.</p><p>Refs: RIC 34; RSC 37a; RCV 9629; Hunter 6.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1092338[/ATTACH]</p><p>Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253.</p><p>Roman billon antoninianus, 3.43 g, 20.4 mm, 7 h.</p><p>Rome, AD 252.</p><p>Obv: IMP CAE C VIB TREB GALLVS, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right.</p><p>Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA, Felicitas standing left, leaning on column, holding caduceus in right hand and transverse scepter in left hand.</p><p>Refs: RIC 34A; Cohen 41; RCV 9630; Hunter 15.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1092343[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>Volusian as Augustus, AD 251-253.</p><p>Roman orichalcum sestertius, 17.26 g, 27. 4 mm 10 h.</p><p>Rome, AD 252.</p><p>Obv: IMP CAE C VIB VOLVSIANO AVG, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust, right.</p><p>Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA S C, Felicitas standing left, leaning on column, holding caduceus in right hand and transverse scepter in left hand.</p><p>Refs: RIC 251a; Cohen 35; RCV 9786; Hunter 39.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Branch mint (traditionally attributed to Mediolanum) FELICITAS:</b></p><p><b><br /></b></p><p><b>[ATTACH=full]1092336[/ATTACH]</b></p><p><b> </b></p><p>Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253.</p><p>Roman AR antoninianus, 3.60 g, 21.3 mm, 7 h.</p><p>Uncertain mint (formerly attributed to Mediolanum), AD 251-253.</p><p>Obv: IMP C C VIB TREB GALLVS AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right.</p><p>Rev: FELICITAS PVBL, Felicitas standing facing, head left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae.</p><p>Refs: RIC 75; Cohen --; RCV --; ERIC II --; Wiczay 2509; Banduri p. 59.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Antioch mint FELICITAS:</b></p><p><b><br /></b></p><p><b>[ATTACH=full]1092335[/ATTACH] </b></p><p>Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253.</p><p>Roman AR antoninianus, 3.94 g, 21.1 mm, 6 h.</p><p>Antioch, AD 251-253.</p><p>Obv: IMP C C VIB TREB GALLVS P F AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right.</p><p>Rev: FELICITAS PVBL, Felicitas standing facing, head left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae.</p><p>Refs: RIC 82; Cohen 34; RCV 9628; Hunter p. cvi.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="Roman Collector, post: 4291319, member: 75937"][INDENT][I]Post your coins depicting Felicitas or anything you feel is relevant![/I][/INDENT] Felicitas was the personification of happiness, good luck, and prosperity. There are subtle difference in the words for "happiness" in Latin: [I]Felicitas[/I] connotes contentment, whereas [I]hilaritas[/I] connotes rejoicing and [I]laetitia[/I] connotes delight and gladness. Felicitas is depicted as a Roman matron, dressed in a stola and palla, either standing or seated, holding a caduceus and cornucopia or scepter. Sometimes she leans on a column. While Trebonianus issued no coins depicting Laetitia or Hilaritas, he issued a LOT of coins advertising Felicitas, using all three mints to do so. Because a shameful and costly peace treaty with the Goths and a devastating plague ravishing the empire resulted in so much [I]felicitas[/I] for the [I]pvblica[/I] that numismatists and historians refer to AD 249-253 as "[URL='http://sonic.net/~marius1/mysite/index.htm']four bad years[/URL]." The emperor doth protest too much, methinks. It's as if he's saying ... [ATTACH=full]1092332[/ATTACH] And ... [ATTACH=full]1092333[/ATTACH] I'll show examples of FELICITAS coins issued by Trebonianus Gallus from each of his three mints. My collection is by no means complete, either. While you experience delight ([I]laetitia[/I]) in looking at slipshod artistry on irregular, debased flans, knowing that the worst is yet to come, I hope you enjoy this song about Felicity from my high school days, which I also refer to as "four bad years." Orange Juice is perhaps best described as a Scottish Talking Heads. [MEDIA=youtube]cJuNWzgUNfQ[/MEDIA] [B]Rome mint FELICITAS:[/B] [ATTACH=full]1092337[/ATTACH] Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253. Roman billon antoninianus, 3.80 g, 20.8 mm, 12 h. Rome, AD 251-2. Obv: IMP CAE C VIB TREB GALLVS, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right. Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA, Felicitas standing left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae. Refs: RIC 33; Cohen 37; RCV 9629; Hunter 4. [ATTACH=full]1092339[/ATTACH] Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253. Roman billon antoninianus, 3.52 g, 21.2 mm, 6 h. Rome, AD 251. Obv: IMP CAE C VIB TREB GALLVS, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right. Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA, Felicitas standing left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae; star in right field. Refs: RIC 34; RSC 37a; RCV 9629; Hunter 6. [ATTACH=full]1092338[/ATTACH] Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253. Roman billon antoninianus, 3.43 g, 20.4 mm, 7 h. Rome, AD 252. Obv: IMP CAE C VIB TREB GALLVS, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right. Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA, Felicitas standing left, leaning on column, holding caduceus in right hand and transverse scepter in left hand. Refs: RIC 34A; Cohen 41; RCV 9630; Hunter 15. [ATTACH=full]1092343[/ATTACH] Volusian as Augustus, AD 251-253. Roman orichalcum sestertius, 17.26 g, 27. 4 mm 10 h. Rome, AD 252. Obv: IMP CAE C VIB VOLVSIANO AVG, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust, right. Rev: FELICITAS PVBLICA S C, Felicitas standing left, leaning on column, holding caduceus in right hand and transverse scepter in left hand. Refs: RIC 251a; Cohen 35; RCV 9786; Hunter 39. [B]Branch mint (traditionally attributed to Mediolanum) FELICITAS: [ATTACH=full]1092336[/ATTACH] [/B] Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253. Roman AR antoninianus, 3.60 g, 21.3 mm, 7 h. Uncertain mint (formerly attributed to Mediolanum), AD 251-253. Obv: IMP C C VIB TREB GALLVS AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right. Rev: FELICITAS PVBL, Felicitas standing facing, head left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae. Refs: RIC 75; Cohen --; RCV --; ERIC II --; Wiczay 2509; Banduri p. 59. [B]Antioch mint FELICITAS: [ATTACH=full]1092335[/ATTACH] [/B] Trebonianus Gallus, AD 251-253. Roman AR antoninianus, 3.94 g, 21.1 mm, 6 h. Antioch, AD 251-253. Obv: IMP C C VIB TREB GALLVS P F AVG, radiate, draped and cuirassed bust, right. Rev: FELICITAS PVBL, Felicitas standing facing, head left, holding long caduceus and cornucopiae. Refs: RIC 82; Cohen 34; RCV 9628; Hunter p. cvi.[/QUOTE]
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