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<p>[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 7287149, member: 110350"]Nilus:</p><p><br /></p><p>Hadrian, Billon Tetradrachm, Year 22 (137/138 AD), Alexandria, Egypt Mint. Obv. Laureate bust right, ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙϹ ΤΡΑΙΑ ΑΔΡΙΑΝΟϹ ϹƐΒ / Rev. Nilus seated left on rocks, holding reed in right hand and cornucopiae in left; crocodile below; L KB (Year 22) in left field. RPC [<i>Roman Provincial Coinage</i>] Vol. III 6254 (2015); RPC III Online at <a href="https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/6254;" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/6254;" rel="nofollow">https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/6254;</a> Emmett 879.22 [Emmett, Keith, <i>Alexandrian Coins</i> (Lodi, WI, 2001)]; Milne 1569 [Milne, J., <i>A Catalogue of the Alexandrian Coins in the Ashmolean Museum</i> (Oxford, 1933, reprint with supplement by Colin M. Kraay)]; Köln.1241 [Geissen, A., <i>Katalog alexandrinischer Kaisermünzen</i>, Köln, Band II (Hadrian-Antoninus Pius) (Cologne, 1978, corrected reprint 1987)]. 24 mm., 12.9 g.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1275950[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>Tyche with river god Orontes:</p><p><br /></p><p>Trajan AR Tetradrachm, 112 AD, Seleucis & Pieria, Antioch Mint. Obv. Laureate head right, club below to left and eagle (standing right) below to right, AYTOKP KAIC NER TPAIANOC CEB ΓEPM ΔAK / Rev. Tyche of Antioch, wearing mural crown, seated on rocks, right, holding two ears of wheat and a poppy-head in her right hand, river god Orontes at her feet in river swimming right, looking up at Tyche, left arm extended and left forefinger pointed, ΔΗΜΑΡΧ ΕΞ ΙϚ ΥΠΑΤ Ϛ [= TR POT XVI, COS VI]. RPC [<i>Roman Provincial Coinage</i>] Vol. III 4076 (2015); RPC Online at <a href="https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/3543" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/3543" rel="nofollow">https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/3543</a>, McAlee 471 [Richard McAlee, <i>The Coins of Roman Antioch</i> (2007)]; Prieur 1499 [Michel and Karin Prieur, <i>Syro-Phoenician Tetradrachms</i> (London, 2000)]; Sear <i>GIC</i> 1089 at p. 100 (ill.), attributed to Tyre [D. Sear, Greek Imperial Coins and their Values (1982)]. 25 mm., 13.88 g.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1275952[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Anonymous civic issue, reign of Maximinus II, AE quarter follis [?][Sear] or 1/12 nummus [?][McAlee], Antioch Mint (3rd Officina), ca. 311-312 AD. Obv. Tyche (city-goddess of Antioch) wearing mural crown, seated facing on rock, holding wheat or grain ears with right hand and, with left hand, holding a two-handled basket (filled with wheat or grain ears[?]) resting on ground to right, river god Orontes swimming below, GENIO ANTIOCHINI / Rev. Apollo standing left, pouring libation from patera held in right hand, and holding lyre in raised left hand, Γ [gamma, signifying 3rd Officina] in right field, APOLLONI SANCTO around; in exergue, SMA [<i>meaning Sigmata Moneta Antioch (money struck at Antioch) or Sacra Moneta Antioch</i>]. [Not in RIC; see <a href="http://www.notinric.lechstepniewski.info/6ant_civ_4v.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.notinric.lechstepniewski.info/6ant_civ_4v.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.notinric.lechstepniewski.info/6ant_civ_4v.html</a>.] Sear RCV IV 14927 (ill); Vagi 2954; McAlee 170; Van Heesch Type 3 [Van Heesch, J. "The last civic coinages and the religious policy of Maximinus Daza (AD 312)" in <i>Numismatic Chronicle</i> (1993), pp. 63-75 & Pl. 11]; <i>ERIC II</i>, “Anonymous Religious Coinage of the Fourth Century,” pp. 1198-1199, No. 2. 16 mm., 1.35 g. [<i>Struck either (1) to promote propaganda against Christians and aid in their persecution (and thus traditionally denominated the “Persecution issue”; or (2) as proposed by David Kalina, for use in festivals, including the Festival of Apollo at Daphne, held in conjunction with the Olympics in Antioch in 312 AD. See Kalina, David, “Anonymous Civic Coinage,” Series 1, at <a href="http://allcoinage.com/anonymous_civic.php" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://allcoinage.com/anonymous_civic.php" rel="nofollow">http://allcoinage.com/anonymous_civic.php</a></i>.]</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1275951[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Aqua Marcia aqueduct:</p><p><br /></p><p>Roman Republic, L. Marcius Philippus, AR Denarius, 56 BCE, Rome Mint. Obv. Diademed head of Ancus Marcius [<i>fourth King of Rome</i>] right, lituus behind, ANCVS below / Rev. The Aqua Marcia aqueduct, represented as an arcade of five arches surmounted by an equestrian statue right [<i>portraying Quintus Marcius Rex, builder of that aqueduct</i>], with horse rearing; flower below horse; PHILIPPVS on left, AQVAMAR [MAR in monogram] within the arches. Crawford 425/1, RSC I Marcia 28, Sydenham 919, Sear RCV I 382 (ill.), Harlan, Michael, <i>Roman Republican Moneyers and their Coins</i> <i>63 BCE - 49 BCE</i> (2d ed. 2015) (“RRM II”), Ch. 15 at pp. 122-128. 18 mm., 3.92 mm., 7 h.*</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1275956[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>* The moneyer, Lucius Marcius Philippus (triumvir in 56 BCE, praetor in 44, suffect consul in 38 BCE) was the stepbrother of Gaius Octavius [later Augustus] (age seven at the time of this issue). The moneyer’s father, also named Lucius Marcius Philippus (consul in 56 BCE), was Octavius's stepfather by virtue of marrying the widow Atia, who was the mother of Octavius and Julius Caesar's niece (the daughter of Caesar’s sister Julia and her husband M. Atius Balbus). See Sear RCV I at p.145, Harlan, RRM II at pp. 122, 127-128.</p><p><br /></p><p>The <i>gens</i> Marcia, to which the moneyer belonged, was named after Ancus Marcius, depicted on the obverse -- the legendary fourth king of Rome, who was the founder of that <i>gens</i>, and, therefore, the moneyer’s ancestor. (The lituus probably represents the king's augurship.) Quintus Marcius Rex, the horseman depicted by the equestrian statue atop the Aqua Marcia aqueduct on the reverse, and the builder of that aqueduct in 144 BCE when he was praetor, was a distant cousin of the moneyer. However, he was not actually the moneyer’s ancestor, because Quintus belonged to the Reges branch of the <i>gens</i> Marcia, rather than the moneyer's Philippi branch of that <i>gens. </i>The two branches had separated by the end of the third century. Harlan, RRM II at pp.122-126. See id. for details on the size of the aqueduct and its reputation (according to Pliny) of having the coolest and most healthful waters of all Roman aqueducts. See Pliny, <i>Naturalis Historia</i>, 31.41.</p><p><br /></p><p>The flower beneath the horse may refer to the conception of Mars by the fertilization of Juno by a flower. (See the discussion at Crawford Vol. I p. 308 of a similar motif on Crawford 293, issued in 113/112 BCE by an earlier L. Marcius Philippus, Consul in 91 BCE.)[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 7287149, member: 110350"]Nilus: Hadrian, Billon Tetradrachm, Year 22 (137/138 AD), Alexandria, Egypt Mint. Obv. Laureate bust right, ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙϹ ΤΡΑΙΑ ΑΔΡΙΑΝΟϹ ϹƐΒ / Rev. Nilus seated left on rocks, holding reed in right hand and cornucopiae in left; crocodile below; L KB (Year 22) in left field. RPC [[I]Roman Provincial Coinage[/I]] Vol. III 6254 (2015); RPC III Online at [URL]https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/6254;[/URL] Emmett 879.22 [Emmett, Keith, [I]Alexandrian Coins[/I] (Lodi, WI, 2001)]; Milne 1569 [Milne, J., [I]A Catalogue of the Alexandrian Coins in the Ashmolean Museum[/I] (Oxford, 1933, reprint with supplement by Colin M. Kraay)]; Köln.1241 [Geissen, A., [I]Katalog alexandrinischer Kaisermünzen[/I], Köln, Band II (Hadrian-Antoninus Pius) (Cologne, 1978, corrected reprint 1987)]. 24 mm., 12.9 g. [ATTACH=full]1275950[/ATTACH] Tyche with river god Orontes: Trajan AR Tetradrachm, 112 AD, Seleucis & Pieria, Antioch Mint. Obv. Laureate head right, club below to left and eagle (standing right) below to right, AYTOKP KAIC NER TPAIANOC CEB ΓEPM ΔAK / Rev. Tyche of Antioch, wearing mural crown, seated on rocks, right, holding two ears of wheat and a poppy-head in her right hand, river god Orontes at her feet in river swimming right, looking up at Tyche, left arm extended and left forefinger pointed, ΔΗΜΑΡΧ ΕΞ ΙϚ ΥΠΑΤ Ϛ [= TR POT XVI, COS VI]. RPC [[I]Roman Provincial Coinage[/I]] Vol. III 4076 (2015); RPC Online at [URL]https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/3/3543[/URL], McAlee 471 [Richard McAlee, [I]The Coins of Roman Antioch[/I] (2007)]; Prieur 1499 [Michel and Karin Prieur, [I]Syro-Phoenician Tetradrachms[/I] (London, 2000)]; Sear [I]GIC[/I] 1089 at p. 100 (ill.), attributed to Tyre [D. Sear, Greek Imperial Coins and their Values (1982)]. 25 mm., 13.88 g. [ATTACH=full]1275952[/ATTACH] Anonymous civic issue, reign of Maximinus II, AE quarter follis [?][Sear] or 1/12 nummus [?][McAlee], Antioch Mint (3rd Officina), ca. 311-312 AD. Obv. Tyche (city-goddess of Antioch) wearing mural crown, seated facing on rock, holding wheat or grain ears with right hand and, with left hand, holding a two-handled basket (filled with wheat or grain ears[?]) resting on ground to right, river god Orontes swimming below, GENIO ANTIOCHINI / Rev. Apollo standing left, pouring libation from patera held in right hand, and holding lyre in raised left hand, Γ [gamma, signifying 3rd Officina] in right field, APOLLONI SANCTO around; in exergue, SMA [[I]meaning Sigmata Moneta Antioch (money struck at Antioch) or Sacra Moneta Antioch[/I]]. [Not in RIC; see [URL]http://www.notinric.lechstepniewski.info/6ant_civ_4v.html[/URL].] Sear RCV IV 14927 (ill); Vagi 2954; McAlee 170; Van Heesch Type 3 [Van Heesch, J. "The last civic coinages and the religious policy of Maximinus Daza (AD 312)" in [I]Numismatic Chronicle[/I] (1993), pp. 63-75 & Pl. 11]; [I]ERIC II[/I], “Anonymous Religious Coinage of the Fourth Century,” pp. 1198-1199, No. 2. 16 mm., 1.35 g. [[I]Struck either (1) to promote propaganda against Christians and aid in their persecution (and thus traditionally denominated the “Persecution issue”; or (2) as proposed by David Kalina, for use in festivals, including the Festival of Apollo at Daphne, held in conjunction with the Olympics in Antioch in 312 AD. See Kalina, David, “Anonymous Civic Coinage,” Series 1, at [URL]http://allcoinage.com/anonymous_civic.php[/URL][/I].] [ATTACH=full]1275951[/ATTACH] Aqua Marcia aqueduct: Roman Republic, L. Marcius Philippus, AR Denarius, 56 BCE, Rome Mint. Obv. Diademed head of Ancus Marcius [[I]fourth King of Rome[/I]] right, lituus behind, ANCVS below / Rev. The Aqua Marcia aqueduct, represented as an arcade of five arches surmounted by an equestrian statue right [[I]portraying Quintus Marcius Rex, builder of that aqueduct[/I]], with horse rearing; flower below horse; PHILIPPVS on left, AQVAMAR [MAR in monogram] within the arches. Crawford 425/1, RSC I Marcia 28, Sydenham 919, Sear RCV I 382 (ill.), Harlan, Michael, [I]Roman Republican Moneyers and their Coins[/I] [I]63 BCE - 49 BCE[/I] (2d ed. 2015) (“RRM II”), Ch. 15 at pp. 122-128. 18 mm., 3.92 mm., 7 h.* [ATTACH=full]1275956[/ATTACH] * The moneyer, Lucius Marcius Philippus (triumvir in 56 BCE, praetor in 44, suffect consul in 38 BCE) was the stepbrother of Gaius Octavius [later Augustus] (age seven at the time of this issue). The moneyer’s father, also named Lucius Marcius Philippus (consul in 56 BCE), was Octavius's stepfather by virtue of marrying the widow Atia, who was the mother of Octavius and Julius Caesar's niece (the daughter of Caesar’s sister Julia and her husband M. Atius Balbus). See Sear RCV I at p.145, Harlan, RRM II at pp. 122, 127-128. The [I]gens[/I] Marcia, to which the moneyer belonged, was named after Ancus Marcius, depicted on the obverse -- the legendary fourth king of Rome, who was the founder of that [I]gens[/I], and, therefore, the moneyer’s ancestor. (The lituus probably represents the king's augurship.) Quintus Marcius Rex, the horseman depicted by the equestrian statue atop the Aqua Marcia aqueduct on the reverse, and the builder of that aqueduct in 144 BCE when he was praetor, was a distant cousin of the moneyer. However, he was not actually the moneyer’s ancestor, because Quintus belonged to the Reges branch of the [I]gens[/I] Marcia, rather than the moneyer's Philippi branch of that [I]gens. [/I]The two branches had separated by the end of the third century. Harlan, RRM II at pp.122-126. See id. for details on the size of the aqueduct and its reputation (according to Pliny) of having the coolest and most healthful waters of all Roman aqueducts. See Pliny, [I]Naturalis Historia[/I], 31.41. The flower beneath the horse may refer to the conception of Mars by the fertilization of Juno by a flower. (See the discussion at Crawford Vol. I p. 308 of a similar motif on Crawford 293, issued in 113/112 BCE by an earlier L. Marcius Philippus, Consul in 91 BCE.)[/QUOTE]
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