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<p>[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 8041339, member: 110350"]Thanks for the detailed write-up. It's difficult to believe that such battles to the death between pairs of large animals (lions, tigers, bulls, bears, rhinos, etc.) were still being staged for largely American audiences south of the border in Mexico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.</p><p><br /></p><p>Here's my Domitian rhino:</p><p><br /></p><p>Domitian (son of Vespasian), AE Quadrans [1/4 As] 84-85 AD, Rome Mint. Obv. African Rhinoceros with two horns advancing right with head down/ Rev IMP DOMIT AVG GERM (clockwise around starting at 1:00), S C across. RIC II-1 Domitian 249 (2007 ed.), Sear RCV II 2834, Cohen 673. (Legend starting at 1:00 rather than 7:00 is rarer variety, with only 4 examples at OCRE -- none at British Museum; see <a href="http://numismatics.org/ocre/id/ric.2_1(2).dom.249" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://numismatics.org/ocre/id/ric.2_1(2).dom.249" rel="nofollow">http://numismatics.org/ocre/id/ric.2_1(2).dom.249</a> -- and 8 at acsearch.) 16.5 mm., 2.56 g. <i>Purchased from Kölner Münzkabinett, April 2021.</i>* </p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1392390[/ATTACH] </p><p><br /></p><p>*Issued after Domitian’s assumption of Germanicus title in late 83 AD, but before the Consular date XI was added to his quadrantes in 85. It was possibly distributed as a token and/or souvenir to the crowds at the Colosseum, which Domitian completed in 82 by adding its uppermost story. See Martial’s <i>Liber De Spectaculis</i> (<a href="http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/martial_on_the_games_of_domitian_01_text.htm" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/martial_on_the_games_of_domitian_01_text.htm" rel="nofollow">http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/martial_on_the_games_of_domitian_01_text.htm</a>) re exhibition of rhinoceros at Colosseum, and re practice of distributing tokens to crowd. See also T.V. Buttrey, “Domitian, the Rhinoceros, and the Date of Martial's ‘Liber De Spectaculis,’" <i>The Journal of Roman Studies</i> Vol. 97 (2007), pp. 101-112, at <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20430573?seq=1" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20430573?seq=1" rel="nofollow">https://www.jstor.org/stable/20430573?seq=1</a>.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 8041339, member: 110350"]Thanks for the detailed write-up. It's difficult to believe that such battles to the death between pairs of large animals (lions, tigers, bulls, bears, rhinos, etc.) were still being staged for largely American audiences south of the border in Mexico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Here's my Domitian rhino: Domitian (son of Vespasian), AE Quadrans [1/4 As] 84-85 AD, Rome Mint. Obv. African Rhinoceros with two horns advancing right with head down/ Rev IMP DOMIT AVG GERM (clockwise around starting at 1:00), S C across. RIC II-1 Domitian 249 (2007 ed.), Sear RCV II 2834, Cohen 673. (Legend starting at 1:00 rather than 7:00 is rarer variety, with only 4 examples at OCRE -- none at British Museum; see [URL]http://numismatics.org/ocre/id/ric.2_1(2).dom.249[/URL] -- and 8 at acsearch.) 16.5 mm., 2.56 g. [I]Purchased from Kölner Münzkabinett, April 2021.[/I]* [ATTACH=full]1392390[/ATTACH] *Issued after Domitian’s assumption of Germanicus title in late 83 AD, but before the Consular date XI was added to his quadrantes in 85. It was possibly distributed as a token and/or souvenir to the crowds at the Colosseum, which Domitian completed in 82 by adding its uppermost story. See Martial’s [I]Liber De Spectaculis[/I] ([URL]http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/martial_on_the_games_of_domitian_01_text.htm[/URL]) re exhibition of rhinoceros at Colosseum, and re practice of distributing tokens to crowd. See also T.V. Buttrey, “Domitian, the Rhinoceros, and the Date of Martial's ‘Liber De Spectaculis,’" [I]The Journal of Roman Studies[/I] Vol. 97 (2007), pp. 101-112, at [URL]https://www.jstor.org/stable/20430573?seq=1[/URL].[/QUOTE]
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