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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;Aidan_(), post: 2219786, member: 70832&quot;]Hello all,</p><p><br /></p><p>In my class; An Overview of Ancient Greek Coinage, at the ANA Summer Seminar this year, each person in the class was assigned an ancient coin. We were to do research and create a little presentation for our class. These presentations lasted around a minute or two, due to time.</p><p>Yesterday I had some time on my hands and I expanded my little presentation a little. Editing by my mother. <img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie8" alt=":D" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p>Note: I do not own the coin shown!</p><p><br /></p><p>If I am missing any information, please share. Enjoy!</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: center"><font size="5">Sybaris, an Incuse Design</font></p> <p style="text-align: center"><br /></p><p>&nbsp; The Greek colony Sybaris was founded in southern Italy by the Achaens and Troezens at around 720 B.C. The colony was established on fertile land and quickly became a prosperous city. Sybaris eventually became the most important colony in Italy during that time. The city was situated between two rivers, the Crathis and the Sybaris. The Sybarites soon had colonies of their own, Laus and Scidrus. In 510 B.C., Sybaris was completely destroyed by the Crotons. The Crotons leveled the prosperous city to the ground and enslaved the inhabitants.</p><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: center">[ATTACH=full]434784[/ATTACH]</p> <p style="text-align: center"><br /></p><p>&nbsp; Sybaris and many colonies in southern Italy probably started minting their own coinage in the mid-6th century B.C. Many of these coins featured the unique mirrored design on the obverse and reverse known as incuse. Some researchers believe that the Greek mathematician Pythagoras, who traveled to Italy during this time, may have helped innovate this concept of minting coins. This design was used by the Sybarites, the Crotons, the Metapontines, and by the Poseidons.</p><p><br /></p><p>&nbsp; During the period 530-10 B.C., the Sybarites minted their incuse coins in the following denominations: stater/nomos, drachms, triobols and obols. All of the pieces for each denomination depict a bull standing left with its head looking back on the obverse. Only for the stater and drachms is the incused bull on the reverse. This bull design could &quot;... be a symbol of fertility, or the river god Crathis.&quot; (1) The bull stands on a dotted exergue line. Underneath the line, staters and drachms can either have VM or V. The letters YM or VM can be found in the field above the bull.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>From CNG:</p><p>Lucania, Sybaris.Circa 550-510 BC. AR Nomos (30mm, 7.90 g, 12h). Bull standing left, head right; VM in exergue / Incuse bull standing right, head left. SNG ANS 828-44; HN Italy 1729. VF, toned, a few old scratches and scrapes on the obverse.</p><p style="text-align: center">[ATTACH=full]434785[/ATTACH]</p> <p style="text-align: center"><br /></p> <p style="text-align: center"><br /></p> <p style="text-align: center"><br /></p> <p style="text-align: center">Works Cited:</p><p><a href="http://wildwinds.com/coins/greece/lucania/sybaris/t.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://wildwinds.com/coins/greece/lucania/sybaris/t.html" rel="nofollow">http://wildwinds.com/coins/greece/lucania/sybaris/t.html</a></p><p><a href="http://www.magnagraecia.nl/coins/Lucania_map/Sybaris_map/Sybaris.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.magnagraecia.nl/coins/Lucania_map/Sybaris_map/Sybaris.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.magnagraecia.nl/coins/Lucania_map/Sybaris_map/Sybaris.html</a><a href="http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/greece/lucania/sybaris/i.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/greece/lucania/sybaris/i.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.wildwinds.com/coins/greece/lucania/sybaris/i.html</a></p><p><a href="http://www.italythisway.com/places/articles/sybaris-history.php" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.italythisway.com/places/articles/sybaris-history.php" rel="nofollow">http://www.italythisway.com/places/articles/sybaris-history.php</a></p><p><a href="http://www.britannica.com/place/Sybaris" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.britannica.com/place/Sybaris" rel="nofollow">http://www.britannica.com/place/Sybaris</a></p><p><br /></p><p>1. Davis, Norman. &quot;Greek Coins &amp; Cities&quot;</p><p>2. Jenkins, G. K. &quot;Coins In History Ancient Greek Coins&quot;</p><p>3. Numismatic Museum, Athens. &quot;Coins and Numismatics&quot;</p><p>4. Sayles, Wayne G. &quot;Ancient Coin Collecting II&quot;</p><p>Notes from the ANA 2015 Summer Seminar An Overview of Ancient Greek Coinage.</p><p><br /></p><p>Aidan[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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