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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;dltsrq, post: 8321423, member: 75482&quot;][USER=100731]@Roerbakmix[/USER] Sorry the delayed reply. I’ve been distracted the past few days.</p><p><br /></p><p>As a reading springboard, I will recommend George Boon (1988), ‘Counterfeit coins in Roman Britain’ <u>in</u> <i>Coins and the Archaeologist</i>, 2nd ed., London, 1988. In the course of describing the various waves of epidemic imitation in Roman Britain, Boon discusses the decline of coinage in late Roman Britain, including the clipped siliquae. Includes a good bibliography and extensive notes.</p><p><br /></p><p>It’s important to remember that the clipped siliquae are a peculiarly British phenomenon. They have been found in great numbers in Britain but are rare elsewhere. The four hoards below provide snapshots at important inflection points: 410 (the end of Roman Britain), 465 (the latest known sub-Roman hoard), 625 (continental coinage returns to Britain), 650 (the first English coins).</p><p><br /></p><p>The first is the Hoxne (Suffolk) Hoard, c. 410, containing 14,212 siliquae, some 80% of which are clipped.</p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoxne_Hoard" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoxne_Hoard" rel="nofollow">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoxne_Hoard</a></p><p><br /></p><p>The Patching (West Sussex) Hoard, c. 465, includes 23 Roman and pseudo-Imperial solidi, 27 Roman and pseudo-Imperial silver coins, 54 pieces of hacksilber and two gold rings. The latest coin is a pseudo-Imperial (Visigothic) solidus in the name of Severus III. Interestingly, only the siliquae from the time of the Roman exit are clipped; later siliquae in the hoard are not. I believe this is the latest evidence for coin use in sub-Roman Britain.</p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.treasurerealm.com/coinpapers/hoards/Patching.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.treasurerealm.com/coinpapers/hoards/Patching.html" rel="nofollow">https://www.treasurerealm.com/coinpapers/hoards/Patching.html</a></p><p><br /></p><p>The few coins found in context between the Patching hoard and the Crondall Hoard (below) have typically been modified into jewelry. Coins seem to have fallen out of use as a medium of exchange in Britain between about 460 and 625. Indeed, there is little evidence of an exchange economy for which coins might have proved useful. It is interesting to note that it was first the bronze to fall out of use, then the silver and ultimately the gold. When coinage returned, it was first gold, then silver and later (indeed much later, except for Northumbria) bronze.</p><p><br /></p><p>The Sutton Hoo (Suffolk) purse from the ship burial of a king, believed to be Raedwald of East Anglia (c. 599-624), contained 37 Merovingian gold coins, three gold coin blanks and two gold ingots. The significance of Sutton Hoo versus Crondall (below) is that the Sutton Hoo coins are entirely continental while the slightly later Crondall coins are mostly English.</p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/death-and-memory/anglo-saxon-ship-burial-sutton-hoo" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/death-and-memory/anglo-saxon-ship-burial-sutton-hoo" rel="nofollow">https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/death-and-memory/anglo-saxon-ship-burial-sutton-hoo</a></p><p><br /></p><p>The Crondall (Hampshire) Hoard, dates to c. 650. Of the 98 gold thrymsas (shillings) in the hoard, 73 were minted in England by Anglo-Saxon kings and/or bishops, marking the return of minting to Britain. The hoard was found in 1828.</p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://britisharchaeology.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/crondall-hoard.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://britisharchaeology.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/crondall-hoard.html" rel="nofollow">https://britisharchaeology.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/crondall-hoard.html</a>[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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