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<p>[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 6256817, member: 110350"]Here's my only other coin from the <i>gens</i> Cassia, this one from a Quintus Cassius Longinus 5-7 years later:</p><p><br /></p><p>Roman Republic, Q. Cassius Longinus, AR Denarius, 55 BCE [<i>Crawford</i>] or 53 BCE [<i>Harlan</i>], Rome Mint. Obv. Young male head of Genius Populi Romani [<i>Crawford & RCV</i>] or Bonus Eventus [<i>RSC & RRM II</i>] right, with flowing hair, scepter behind, border of dots / Rev. Eagle, with wings spread, standing right on thunderbolt, lituus [<i>curved augural staff used in reading auspices</i>] to left and capis [<i>jug used in same rituals</i>] to right, border of dots; Q • CASSIVS in exergue. Crawford 428/3, RSC I Cassia 7 (ill.), Sydenham 916, Sear RCV I 391 (ill.), Harlan, RRM II Ch. 23 at pp. 180-187, BMCRR Rome 3868. 19 mm., 3.77 g., 6 h.*</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247626[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>*According to Crawford (Vol. I at p. 452), the eagle, lituus, and capis together symbolized <i>imperium</i>. He suggests that they refer to the <i>Lex Cassia </i>of 104 BCE, introduced by L. Cassius Longinus, under which individuals who had been deprived of <i>imperium</i> by popular vote, or had been convicted of a crime in a popular assembly, were excluded from the Senate. This coin is also discussed in Roberta Stewart, <i>The Jug and Lituus on Roman Republican Coin Types: Ritual Symbols and Political Power</i>, in <i>Phoenix</i> Vol. 51, No. 2 (Summer, 1997), pp. 170-189 at pp. 181-182 (DOI: 10.2307/1088493, <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1088493" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1088493" rel="nofollow">https://www.jstor.org/stable/1088493</a>). The author notes that the eagle and thunderbolt were “auspical signs associated with Jupiter, the god of the auspices,” and that both moneyers in 55 BCE were adherents of Pompey, “whose position in 56-55 was problematical.” Thus, the coin’s allusion to these traditional symbols of political power -- reading auspices was a predicate to the conduct of public business -- “identif[ied] Pompey’s desire for political and military prestige with the political and religious values of Rome.”</p><p><br /></p><p>As far as other veiled portraits are concerned, I think I have only one other from the Roman Republic:</p><p><br /></p><p>Roman Republic, A. Postumius A.f. Sp.n. Albinus (Aulus Postumius Albinus, son of Aulus [mint magistrate ca. 96 BCE], and grandson of Spurius [Consul 110 BCE]), AR Serrate Denarius, 81 BCE, Rome mint. Obv. Veiled head of Hispania right, with disheveled hair; HISPAN behind / Rev. Togate figure standing left, raising right hand towards legionary eagle to left; fasces with ax to right; A •/ ALBIN/ N • S [AL in monogram] across fields; POST • A • F in exergue. Crawford 372/2, RSC I Postumia 8 (ill.), Sydenham 746, Sear RCV I 297 (ill.), BMCRR Rome 2839-42, Harlan RRM I Ch. 1 at pp. 6-7 [Harlan, Michael, <i>Roman Republican Moneyers and their Coins</i>, 81 BCE-64 BCE (2012)]. 19 mm., 3.92 g., 6 h. (<i>Purchased from Brad Bowlin; Ex.“old French collection in Paris.” Double die-match to Die AB for type, RRDP, Schaefer Binder 5, p. 193-0; see </i><a href="http://numismatics.org/archives/ark:/53695/schaefer.rrdp.b05#schaefer_372-2_b05_p193.)*" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://numismatics.org/archives/ark:/53695/schaefer.rrdp.b05#schaefer_372-2_b05_p193.)*" rel="nofollow"><i>http://numismatics.org/archives/ark:/53695/schaefer.rrdp.b05#schaefer_372-2_b05_p193.</i>)*</a></p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247627[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>* RSC I (p. 82), and BMCRR (p. 352 n. 1) agree that the coin may relate to the praetorship of the moneyer’s ancestor Lucius Postumius Albinus (Praetor 180 BCE) over Spain, his successful expeditions against the Vaccari and Lusitani, and the levying of troops for this campaign. Crawford concurs, stating (Vol. 1 at p. 389) that “the reverse, combining a togate figure on the one hand with an eagle and the fasces on the other, perhaps simply alludes to civilian and military <i>imperium</i>; taken with the obverse type, the reference is doubtless to the Spanish command of L. Postumius Albinus, Pr. 180.”</p><p><br /></p><p>Harlan also details the victories of Lucius Postumius Albinus in Further Spain, and his triumph in Rome in 178 BCE. RRM 1 at p. 7. However, Harlan also ties this coin to contemporary events, namely the fact that after Sulla’s victory over Marius, there remained one bastion of Marian resistance to Roman <i>imperium</i>, namely in Spain, where the governor, Sertorius, refused to obey the Senate, establishing an independent state and a refuge for the defeated Marians. Sulla sent an army against Sertorius in late 82 BCE, although the conflict continued at least until 80. Sertorius found his greatest support among the Lusitanians; hence the relevance (beyond the moneyer’s family history) of L. Postumius Albinus’s victories over the Lusitanians a century earlier. Id. at pp. 6-7. Thus, according to Harlan, the “unnamed togate magistrate flanked by the fasces and the legionary eagle is a symbol of Roman <i>imperium</i>. Postumius’ coin shows that Spain, represented by Hispania on the obverse, must also recognize Roman <i>imperium</i> and embrace Rome as the head of things just as Italy had done. Id. at p. 7. (See this moneyer’s other coin, Crawford 372/1, and its theme of Rome as <i>caput rerum</i> for Italy. RRM I Ch. 1 at pp. 1-6.)</p><p><br /></p><p>These Imperial coins also have veiled portraits or reverse figures, even if the veils aren't always as prominent as on Republican coins:</p><p><br /></p><p>Diva Faustina I, veiled Ceres on reverse:</p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247641[/ATTACH]</p><p>Crispina, veiled Juno on reverse:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247636[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>Herennia Etruscilla, veiled Pudicita on reverse with gun to her own head:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247638[/ATTACH]</p><p>Veiled Diva Mariniana:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247650[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>Veiled Divus Maximian:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247639[/ATTACH]</p><p>Veiled Fausta on reverse holding Constantine II Caesar and Constantius II Caesar:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1247640[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>As I mentioned in the OP, if you have other <i>gens</i> Cassia coins or other voting scenes (including Crawford 428/1, which I believe is itself a Cassia) I'd like to see them -- I'm sure someone here must have them besides [USER=75525]@rrdenarius[/USER], who already posted one. But if not, who has veiled portraits or figures? Aren't there coins with Caesar and/or Octavian/Augustus wearing veils?[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 6256817, member: 110350"]Here's my only other coin from the [I]gens[/I] Cassia, this one from a Quintus Cassius Longinus 5-7 years later: Roman Republic, Q. Cassius Longinus, AR Denarius, 55 BCE [[I]Crawford[/I]] or 53 BCE [[I]Harlan[/I]], Rome Mint. Obv. Young male head of Genius Populi Romani [[I]Crawford & RCV[/I]] or Bonus Eventus [[I]RSC & RRM II[/I]] right, with flowing hair, scepter behind, border of dots / Rev. Eagle, with wings spread, standing right on thunderbolt, lituus [[I]curved augural staff used in reading auspices[/I]] to left and capis [[I]jug used in same rituals[/I]] to right, border of dots; Q • CASSIVS in exergue. Crawford 428/3, RSC I Cassia 7 (ill.), Sydenham 916, Sear RCV I 391 (ill.), Harlan, RRM II Ch. 23 at pp. 180-187, BMCRR Rome 3868. 19 mm., 3.77 g., 6 h.* [ATTACH=full]1247626[/ATTACH] *According to Crawford (Vol. I at p. 452), the eagle, lituus, and capis together symbolized [I]imperium[/I]. He suggests that they refer to the [I]Lex Cassia [/I]of 104 BCE, introduced by L. Cassius Longinus, under which individuals who had been deprived of [I]imperium[/I] by popular vote, or had been convicted of a crime in a popular assembly, were excluded from the Senate. This coin is also discussed in Roberta Stewart, [I]The Jug and Lituus on Roman Republican Coin Types: Ritual Symbols and Political Power[/I], in [I]Phoenix[/I] Vol. 51, No. 2 (Summer, 1997), pp. 170-189 at pp. 181-182 (DOI: 10.2307/1088493, [URL]https://www.jstor.org/stable/1088493[/URL]). The author notes that the eagle and thunderbolt were “auspical signs associated with Jupiter, the god of the auspices,” and that both moneyers in 55 BCE were adherents of Pompey, “whose position in 56-55 was problematical.” Thus, the coin’s allusion to these traditional symbols of political power -- reading auspices was a predicate to the conduct of public business -- “identif[ied] Pompey’s desire for political and military prestige with the political and religious values of Rome.” As far as other veiled portraits are concerned, I think I have only one other from the Roman Republic: Roman Republic, A. Postumius A.f. Sp.n. Albinus (Aulus Postumius Albinus, son of Aulus [mint magistrate ca. 96 BCE], and grandson of Spurius [Consul 110 BCE]), AR Serrate Denarius, 81 BCE, Rome mint. Obv. Veiled head of Hispania right, with disheveled hair; HISPAN behind / Rev. Togate figure standing left, raising right hand towards legionary eagle to left; fasces with ax to right; A •/ ALBIN/ N • S [AL in monogram] across fields; POST • A • F in exergue. Crawford 372/2, RSC I Postumia 8 (ill.), Sydenham 746, Sear RCV I 297 (ill.), BMCRR Rome 2839-42, Harlan RRM I Ch. 1 at pp. 6-7 [Harlan, Michael, [I]Roman Republican Moneyers and their Coins[/I], 81 BCE-64 BCE (2012)]. 19 mm., 3.92 g., 6 h. ([I]Purchased from Brad Bowlin; Ex.“old French collection in Paris.” Double die-match to Die AB for type, RRDP, Schaefer Binder 5, p. 193-0; see [/I][URL='http://numismatics.org/archives/ark:/53695/schaefer.rrdp.b05#schaefer_372-2_b05_p193.)*'][I]http://numismatics.org/archives/ark:/53695/schaefer.rrdp.b05#schaefer_372-2_b05_p193.[/I])*[/URL] [ATTACH=full]1247627[/ATTACH] * RSC I (p. 82), and BMCRR (p. 352 n. 1) agree that the coin may relate to the praetorship of the moneyer’s ancestor Lucius Postumius Albinus (Praetor 180 BCE) over Spain, his successful expeditions against the Vaccari and Lusitani, and the levying of troops for this campaign. Crawford concurs, stating (Vol. 1 at p. 389) that “the reverse, combining a togate figure on the one hand with an eagle and the fasces on the other, perhaps simply alludes to civilian and military [I]imperium[/I]; taken with the obverse type, the reference is doubtless to the Spanish command of L. Postumius Albinus, Pr. 180.” Harlan also details the victories of Lucius Postumius Albinus in Further Spain, and his triumph in Rome in 178 BCE. RRM 1 at p. 7. However, Harlan also ties this coin to contemporary events, namely the fact that after Sulla’s victory over Marius, there remained one bastion of Marian resistance to Roman [I]imperium[/I], namely in Spain, where the governor, Sertorius, refused to obey the Senate, establishing an independent state and a refuge for the defeated Marians. Sulla sent an army against Sertorius in late 82 BCE, although the conflict continued at least until 80. Sertorius found his greatest support among the Lusitanians; hence the relevance (beyond the moneyer’s family history) of L. Postumius Albinus’s victories over the Lusitanians a century earlier. Id. at pp. 6-7. Thus, according to Harlan, the “unnamed togate magistrate flanked by the fasces and the legionary eagle is a symbol of Roman [I]imperium[/I]. Postumius’ coin shows that Spain, represented by Hispania on the obverse, must also recognize Roman [I]imperium[/I] and embrace Rome as the head of things just as Italy had done. Id. at p. 7. (See this moneyer’s other coin, Crawford 372/1, and its theme of Rome as [I]caput rerum[/I] for Italy. RRM I Ch. 1 at pp. 1-6.) These Imperial coins also have veiled portraits or reverse figures, even if the veils aren't always as prominent as on Republican coins: Diva Faustina I, veiled Ceres on reverse: [ATTACH=full]1247641[/ATTACH] Crispina, veiled Juno on reverse: [ATTACH=full]1247636[/ATTACH] Herennia Etruscilla, veiled Pudicita on reverse with gun to her own head: [ATTACH=full]1247638[/ATTACH] Veiled Diva Mariniana: [ATTACH=full]1247650[/ATTACH] Veiled Divus Maximian: [ATTACH=full]1247639[/ATTACH] Veiled Fausta on reverse holding Constantine II Caesar and Constantius II Caesar: [ATTACH=full]1247640[/ATTACH] As I mentioned in the OP, if you have other [I]gens[/I] Cassia coins or other voting scenes (including Crawford 428/1, which I believe is itself a Cassia) I'd like to see them -- I'm sure someone here must have them besides [USER=75525]@rrdenarius[/USER], who already posted one. But if not, who has veiled portraits or figures? Aren't there coins with Caesar and/or Octavian/Augustus wearing veils?[/QUOTE]
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