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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;Conder101, post: 3223427, member: 66&quot;]1810 at the Royal Mint, Matthew Boulton was strike coinage with steam powered presses in 1787, and used them to strike the British Cartwheel penny and two pence coins in 1797.&nbsp; He sold a steam powered mint to the British government and he was under the impression they would use it for silver and gold and he would be able to keep his contract for coining copper.&nbsp; Once the mint was finished they told him thank you very much but we are going to do all the coinage ourselves now.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Full hubbing of dies for US coins on a regular basis began in 1836.&nbsp; There had been some experiment as early as 1794, and about a third of the rev dies for 1798 cents, and all the reverses of 1799 and 1800 cents came from fully hubbed die.&nbsp; From 1836 to the late 1860&#039;s the Master dies had the lettering punched in by hand when designs changed, but working hubs and working dies were fully hubbed.&nbsp; Around 1870 would be when the first reducing lathes came into use that allowed for the creation of Master hubs from large models. The US mint bought their first Hill Reducing Lathe in 1867.&nbsp; Dates continued to be punched into dies by hand until 1907 (for the most part using four digit logotypes after 1840).&nbsp; Mintmarks continued to be punched into the dies by hand until 1990.</p><p><br /></p><p>I concur with Messydesk, you really should get a copy of From Mine to Mint.&nbsp; It goes into a lot of detail about all aspects of how coins are made, and it isn&#039;t an overly expensive book.&nbsp; $40 and that basically get you three copies, a paperback copy, and a CD-rom that has a searchable version for your computer and a ebook reader version.&nbsp; I&#039;ve read my copy three times now along with using it to reference.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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