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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;R_rabbit, post: 3494337, member: 101793&quot;][ATTACH=full]925339[/ATTACH] [ATTACH=full]925340[/ATTACH] [ATTACH=full]925341[/ATTACH] Hope you all don’t mind but I thought I’d take it upon myself to write up a thread on the Minting process and how Errors and varieties occur. I took out a few technical things just to help simplify this for new people in the world of collecting.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>This will only take up a few minutes of your time to explain. Please bear with me<img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie1" alt=":)" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Imho,</p><p><br /></p><p>Creating coins has been going on for more than a few thousand of years. From what I read the oldest coin found. Was around 2700 years old. Which is really cool!! but let’s try to stay on topic for a moment.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>From the early stages of coin making.The process has not changed very much. ( of course one may disagree)</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>To make a coin one needs a hammer a die ( with obverse image ) a piece of metal (planchet)and an Anvil die.(or an anvil with a separate die for the bottom) reverse image.</p><p><br /></p><p>Punch the metal (planchet/blank) with your die(s) onto the anvil and your coin is ready.</p><p><br /></p><p>The blanks or planchets are cut prior to strike.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>In Modern times we changed the process to create higher mintage production. By designing machinery that will speed up the process. Computers are now and have been for many years doing a lot of the work.</p><p><br /></p><p>Yet even machines,computers and humans can mistakenly make errors and varieties to occur.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>With modern machines we have three main parts that create the images on the coins that you see today.</p><p><br /></p><ol> <li>The Hammer Die ( creates the obverse image)</li> <li>The Collar ( retains the planchet) and creates the rim</li> <li>The Anvil Die ( creates the reverse image)</li> </ol><p><br /></p><p>The die(s) creates the impression.</p><ul> <li>If one is offset it can create many errors and or variety.</li> <li>If a Die is worn or damaged it can create an error or variety.</li> <li>If the collar is out of alignment it can create an error or variety.</li> <li>If there is a debris from the machine or outside force; it can create an error or variety.</li> </ul><p><br /></p><p>Such as :</p><ul> <li>misaligned die strike (or Mad)</li> <li>Collar clash</li> <li>Doubled image</li> <li>Mad obverse</li> <li>Mad reverse</li> <li>Distorted image</li> <li>Distorted letters or numerals</li> <li>Clipped planchet</li> <li>Double strike/triple strike</li> <li>Quad strike?(never seen one)</li> <li>Ect..</li> </ul><p><br /></p><p>Now that you know how a coin is made. All one has to do is find out which error or variety it is.</p><p><br /></p><p>The best thing is!! You came to the right place</p><p>to ask questions and get great great advice!</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>If anyone thinks I might have missed anything or made a mistake or would just like to add onto this. With links or mint process videos pictures.</p><p><br /></p><p>That would be wonderful and very much appreciated!</p><p><br /></p><p>Thank you in advance!!</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Also!!! The great people here on cointalk have a lot of valuable information and input!!</p><p><br /></p><p>With many years of experience in collecting and or working in the field of coins! In all aspects.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Please be respectful, mind your manners ,thank you and take care!</p><p>Happy coin hunting![/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>