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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;+VGO.DVCKS, post: 8238734, member: 110504&quot;]Thanks, [USER=74712]@FitzNigel[/USER], for having a working scanner!</p><p>[USER=84744]@Severus Alexander[/USER], one thing to bear in mind is that, for much of earlier European medieval, you aren&#039;t looking at even the relative level of standardization that you can rely on in, for one obvious instance, Imperial Roman issues.</p><p>If you go back to the inception of the Norman Antiocene folles in the early 12th century, you&#039;re looking at two primary contemporaneous precedents.&nbsp; Regarding the early Norman follaros of Apulia and Calabria, someone here (rats, resisted finding), whether quoting someone in print or citing his own experience, characterized the issues of Robert Guiscard as &#039;chaotic.&#039;</p><p>Similarly, moving dramatically northward, the anonymous 11th-c. deniers of Normandy itself (Dumas /Dumas-Dubourg&#039;s journal articles, cited by [USER=56653]@seth77[/USER], notwithstanding), I&#039;m still a little skeptical that all of the more substantive varieties have ever been catalogued.&nbsp; The same is emphatically true of, for instance, the neighboring 11th-c. deniers of Guy of Ponthieu.</p><p>By contrast, what I think is happening with your Crazy Late Antiocene folles may be reducible to the level of what early French feudal collectors could legitimately characterize as a &#039;sub-variant.&#039;&nbsp; Likely not so much a matter of deliberate alteration of existing motifs, as of an individual celator having had a bad day.&nbsp; --Yes, anecdotally, this is a resonant complement to the kind of strikes you can see in European examples, especially from the 11th-13th centuries, eliciting speculation about how hungover the mint worker was.</p><p>Given that most of this is predicated on earlier issues, from across Europe, my guess is that, as late as your 13th-c. folles are, one other contributing factor to their sloppiness could have been the broadly deteriorating situation on the ground.&nbsp; --With the caveat that, with the dramatic contrast of this to the strikes and designs of the iconic Antiocene issues of the gros (...&#039;tournois,&#039; but only in general composition and module), you can also look at the denomination itself: an increasingly minor AE.&nbsp; Continued in Antioch, with a corresponding decline in weight and module, maybe a century and a half after the original Byzantine prototype had been dispensed with.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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