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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;seth77, post: 7857472, member: 56653&quot;]Here is a denier from the Diocese of Le Puy in the later part of the 11th century:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1354017[/ATTACH] </p><p>AR18mm 0.70g billon denier, minted at Le Puy-en-Velay , cca. 1080-1100(?)</p><p>+ SCE MANVE(?); star-shaped X I (chi-iota) monogram (or chrismon?)</p><p>MONETA(?); cross pattee</p><p>cf. Boudeau 375, cf. Poey d&#039;Avant 2231, Olivier groupe V, 1er type, Revue Numismatique 1927, Pl. VIII no. 12-19</p><p><br /></p><p>The coinage of Le Puy-en-Velay is one of the preferred coinages of the crusaders during the First Crusade, according to Raymond d&#039;Aguilers -- but worth half the other types &#039;duo pogesi pro unum istarum.&#039; In this style, with the cross and chrismon (or chi-iota) the coinage is present from around early 11th century, but the rounded bars on the cross and chrismon appear a bit later, around 1080 (cf. Olivier - Études de numismatique régionale, les monnaies féodales du Puy, RN 1927, p. 170-217 et 1928, p. 83-100). So this specimen is very likely related to the First Crusade, considering also that the other medieval material offered by this dealer seems to point to the Middle East. 407 similar specs were researched by Ingrid and Wolfgang Schulze (A coin hoard from the time of the First Crusade, found in the Near-East with remarks by Marc Bompaire and with contributions by Peter Northover and D. Michael Metcalf). With the overall details, size and weight, this specimen seems to have been minted earlier during Olivier&#039;s &#039;groupe V&#039; and the wear could indicate that it did circulate for some time before being carried over to the Middle East.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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