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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;seth77, post: 7678560, member: 56653&quot;]Some deniers of Toulouse did end up in the Levant, but mostly the issues of Alphonse Jourdain who joined the Second Crusade in 1147. Not sure on the coins of the later Raymonds on the other hand.</p><p><br /></p><p>As for the &quot;erat haec nostra moneta&quot; mentioned by Raymond d&#039;Aguilers, he makes no mention of the tolosan in his enumeration of coinages, although he was close to Raymond IV of Toulouse: &quot;Pictavini, Cartenses, Manses, Luccenses, Valenziani, Melgorienses, et duo pogesi pro unum istarum.&quot; (in Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Ierusalem).</p><p><br /></p><p>From these coinages, the Valenziani (valentinenses) et Melgorienses (megorensi) are to me the most interesting as they (at least the valentinenses) seem to have been more at home in the Levant and more specifically in northern Syria than in Europe. Virtually all lots that I have seen offered at auctions are of these Frankish coins paired with the denarii of Antioch.</p><p><br /></p><p>Check out the nice, golden-toned Syrian patina on this spec:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1318810[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>Bernard de Valence, who became Latin Patriarch of Antioch (1100-1135), had a direct connection and was likely the governing force that influenced the wholesale import to Syria of the denarii valentinenses, which continued very likely until the Principality started minting its own deniers under Raymond de Poitiers in the 1140s. Although the type possibly originated earlier, to 1090 or even 1075 according to R. Chareyron - Essai de datation et de classement des monnaie des eveches de Valence et Die et des comtes de Valentinois et Diois, Revue Dromoise vol. 92, 493-4, pp. 29, 1999 and M. Philips - A hoard of French feudal coins from the First Crusade, The Numismatic Chronicle, vol. 162, p. 403, 2002, 1100 is the likely terminus post quem for the large-scale minting operation of these denarii, likely for this precise purpose of being used by the crusaders in Syria.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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