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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;seth77, post: 6393121, member: 56653&quot;]An unsettled mystery from the Principality of Achaea:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1253162[/ATTACH]</p><p><i>GEOFFROI II (cca. 1228-1246) or GUILLAUME II de VILLEHARDOUIN (1246-1278)(?)</i></p><p><i>AE18x17mm, 0.60g, copper denier, Corinth mint, cca. 1230-1240s(?).</i></p><p><i>G . P . ACCAIE; long cross pattee</i></p><p><i>&nbsp;+ CORINTVm; Acrocorinth fortress, surmounted by a cross.</i></p><p><i>Malloy 3, Schlumberger XII 7, Metcalf Hesperia (1965) p. 206 fig. 9.</i></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>It is not settled yet whether this type was minted under Geoffroi II or Guillaume and might even be from the ending of Geoffroi I&#039;s rule or throughout the three reigns until 1250.</p><p><br /></p><p>According to a recent study by Guy Sanders (Dating Frankish Coins with Pottery: Coin Circulation in Corinth cca. 1210-1314, 1st draft, p. 27), the stratigraphy and the pottery associated with this type appears to push its date to an early phase, during the last years of Geoffroi I or at least beginning of the reign of Geoffroi II. The deposits/stray finds studied alongside the pottery contexts in which they appeared at Corinth seem to be pointing to this early dating. Also such a dating could be supported by the similarity of the type to the Genoese types, which started being emulated in the Levant in the 1230s (a good example would be the &quot;castle coppers&quot; of the &quot;new style&quot; of Tripoli under Bohemond V of Antioch).</p><p><br /></p><p>Thus the coin circulation in the Corinth area after the Third Crusade according to Guy Sanders&#039; hypothesis can be sequenced as follows:</p><p><br /></p><p>1. Byzantine and Latin trachea 1204-1225/1230 (after the fall of Thessalonika to the Epirotes in 1224)</p><p>2. Villehardouin copper deniers of the CORINTVm type, minted locally as the currency of the realm 1225/1230-1246</p><p>3. Villehardouin CORINTI copper deniers, the new currency of the realm under the first period of the reign of Guillaume II 1246-1260s?</p><p>4. Villehardouin deniers of the ACHAIA type, possibly in the 1260s</p><p>5. Royal and feudal Frankish billon deniers tournois from 1267 and afterwards (after the Treaty of Viterbo)</p><p>6. Villehardouin local billon deniers tournois which circulated alongside the Royal and feudal deniers tournois cca. 1267-1300+ (it is likely that the first local deniers tournois were minted in the Principality after the Treaty of Viterbo and the Angevin overlordship).</p><p><br /></p><p>An interesting possible sequence.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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