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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;seth77, post: 4908134, member: 56653&quot;]The beginning of the denier tournois as an international denomination with Philippe II Augustus:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1184408[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>AR20mm, 1.06g, denier tournois, minted at Abbey Saint Martin de Tours, around 1204-1220.</p><p>+ PHILIPVS REX; cross</p><p>+ SCS MARTINVS; Châtel tournois</p><p>Duplessy 176 (REX variant), Ciani 165, Lafaurie 193.</p><p><br /></p><p>This coinage is still ecclesiastical de jure and was struck before the mint moved to the city of Tours around 1220. After the assassination of Arthur de Bretagne by John Lackland, Philip Augustus had the right pretext to lawfully advance on the domains of the Plantagenets on the continent, and he subsequently took control of Tours and became protector of the abbey (1202-1204) and from 1204 he became <i>abbe laique</i>.</p><p><br /></p><p>Judging by the legend and the lettering, this denier was probably minted in the first stage of Philippe&#039;s control over Touranie.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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