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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;Clawcoins, post: 3505689, member: 77814&quot;]MD, etc is when the machine, through wear, or slippage, etc causes the illusion of &quot;doubling&quot;.</p><p>Remember &quot;quantity&quot; .. these machines are producing 250 to 800 per minute!!&nbsp;&nbsp; Proof coins are done about one every 8 seconds +/- which is 6+ per minute by comparison.</p><p><br /></p><p>Real &quot;doubling&quot; is when in the process of making the &quot;dies&quot; themselves, somethings get stamped again slightly off and creates Doubling.</p><p><br /></p><p>There are actually 8 different classes of Doubling in this regards which is briefly summarized below</p><p>Class 1, Rotated</p><p>Class 2, Distorted Hub Doubling</p><p>Class 3, Design</p><p>Class 4, Offset Hub Doubling</p><p>Class 5, Pivoted</p><p>Class 6, Distended</p><p>Class 7, Modified</p><p>Class 8, Tilted</p><p><br /></p><p>There are other errors of course, but they are Die related, such as the old RPM where maintenance is done to a die to reestablish a deep Mint Mark to increase the longevity of the die, and it is reapplied slightly off.&nbsp; Then there the &quot;errors&quot; vs &quot;varieties&quot; as you learn more.</p><p><br /></p><p>Usually the super fast &quot;circulation quality&quot; machines are &quot;horizontal&quot; stamping machines with a rotating force for mechanical pressure, for the fastest process possible.&nbsp; The Proof machines are mostly &quot;vertical&quot; stamping machines with a higher hydraulic pressure for the best quality possible. (from my understanding)[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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