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<p>[QUOTE="Severus Alexander, post: 3040224, member: 84744"]Over in the <a href="https://www.cointalk.com/threads/ancient-type-set.313805/" class="internalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.cointalk.com/threads/ancient-type-set.313805/">Ancient Type Set thread</a>, [USER=19463]@dougsmit[/USER] boldly predicted that it would be possible to build a "reasonably comprehensive set of ancient coins" with just 100 slots to fill. Since I'm a generalist collector, and I also aim to be comprehensive, this prediction inspired me to try to build the smallest checklist I could live with. Here is a first draft that I cobbled together today. As you can tell from the title, I wasn't quite able to keep it to 100. <img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie10" alt=":oops:" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" /> The total number right now stands at ~186 [edit: now 200], and I would be very interested to hear your comments and suggestions! What crucial coin issuers/times am I missing? Can the list stay at 200 or less?</p><p><br /></p><p>The list aims to be <i>historically comprehensive</i>, not numismatically comprehensive; and it focuses on political and military history, not cultural or social. It's awfully broad-brush, and there's an inevitable Western bias. (Though I hope it's less biased than you'd normally expect.) It starts with the dawn of coinage and extends to 500 CE, or in the case of China, 600 CE since that's a tidier place to draw the line, just before the Tang dynasty. [Edit: some other polities were extended to ~600 CE where this was a natural line to draw.] (So I guess this is my answer to the question posed in another recent thread, <a href="https://www.cointalk.com/threads/what-qualifies-as-an-ancient-coin-here.313357/" class="internalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.cointalk.com/threads/what-qualifies-as-an-ancient-coin-here.313357/">What qualifies as an ancient coin?</a>)</p><p><br /></p><p>I know some of you won't be happy with the sparse representation of your favourite coins. How could I include so few Roman provincials? 1 Judaean kingdom, c'mon! [Edited to 2!] Let me have it. <img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie78" alt=":punch:" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" /><img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie55" alt=":hurting:" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" /> I want this list to be the best it can be so it may prove useful to someone, sometime! (Maybe? <img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie12" alt="o_O" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" />)</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Europe, North Africa, Western Asia</b></p><p><br /></p><p>pre-500 BCE and c. 500 BCE (7):</p><p>—1 c. 600 BCE (or earlier) electrum</p><p>—1 Lydia gold or silver (Croesus or post-Croesus?) [thanks for the edit, TIF!]</p><p>—1 city state in Asia minor</p><p>—2 city states in Greece proper</p><p>—1 Magna Graecia or Sicily</p><p>—1 Olbian dolphin [added - thanks, Ryro!]</p><p><br /></p><p>500-400 BCE (10):</p><p>—1 Western European Greek outpost (e.g. Massalia)</p><p>—1 Macedon/Thrace</p><p>—1 Black Sea area</p><p>—1 Persian Siglos</p><p>—1 Phoenicia</p><p>—1 Aegina (naval power, rival to Athens)</p><p>—1 Corinth [added - thanks, Zumbly!]</p><p>—1 Athens c. 454-404 BCE (Pelopponesian War)</p><p>—1 Sikyon c. 460-405 BCE (coinage used by Sparta)</p><p>—1 Sicily</p><p><br /></p><p>400-300 BCE (13):</p><p>—1 Western European Greek outpost + 1 local imitation (e.g. Massalia)</p><p>—1 Carthage</p><p>—2 Italy/Sicily (1 Greek colony, 1 non-Greek)</p><p>—1 coin from the Spartan hegemony (e.g. Chalkidian league)</p><p>—1 Thebes c. 371-362 BCE (Theban hegemony)</p><p>—2 other major Greek city states or leagues (e.g. Aetolian League, Argos, Larissa, Eretria, Elis, Olynthus/Chalcidian League)</p><p>—2 kingdoms subject to Persian control (e.g. Dynasts of Caria, Lycia etc.)</p><p>—1 Phillip II of Macedon</p><p>—1 Alexander the Great</p><p>—1 late Persian satrap who was active during Alexander’s conquest (e.g. Mazaios, Spithridates)</p><p><br /></p><p>Successors of Alexander (13):</p><p>—3 Ptolemaic (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late)</p><p>—3 Seleukid (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late)</p><p>—3 Macedon (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late)</p><p>—1 Pergamon</p><p>—Bactria: see Central Asia & India</p><p>—1 Rhodes (3rd. c. BCE) (period of Naval supremacy)</p><p>—1 Mithridates VI of Pontus (125-60 BCE)</p><p>—1 Tigranes II of Armenia (95-55 BCE)</p><p><br /></p><p>Other 3rd c. BCE (10):</p><p>—2 Spain (1 Greek or Phoenician & 1 imitation)</p><p>—1 Gallic/Germanic (western Europe)</p><p>—1 Celtic/Danubian (eastern Europe) e.g. imitation of Phillip II</p><p>—1 Olbia or other Black sea area</p><p>—1 Pyrrhos of Epeiros c. 295-272 (Epeiros or Syracuse issue)</p><p>—1 Mamertines c. 264 BCE (1st Punic war)</p><p>—1 Cyrenaica</p><p>—1 Carthage c. 2nd Punic war</p><p>—1 Syracuse</p><p><br /></p><p>Rome, to ~600 CE (35):</p><p>—1 Aes Rude or Aes Formatum [added - thanks, Ryro!]</p><p>—1 early Aes grave</p><p>—1 early denarius (c. 2nd Punic war)</p><p>—1 c. 168 BCE (defeat of Macedon; get a Macedonian issue)</p><p>—1 c. 100 BCE (Gaius Marius)</p><p>—1 c. 90 BCE (Social War)</p><p>—1 Sulla</p><p>—1 63 BCE (consulship of Cicero)</p><p>Imperatorial (5): one each of Julius Caesar, Pompey, Cato, Brutus, Marc Antony</p><p>Emperors (22): one each of Augustus, Nero, Vespasian, Trajan, Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, Septimius Severus, 1 crisis emperor from 235-250, 1 Valerian or Gallienus, 1 Gallic emperor, Aurelian, Diocletian, Licinius I, Constantine I, Constantius II, Valentinian I, Theodosius I, Honorius, Theodosius II, Leo I, Justinian I, Maurice Tiberius</p><p><br /></p><p>Roman provincial (13) (most important cities; thanks to Zumbly for the help!):</p><p>— 1 Illyria (3rd c. BCE, Roman protectorate)</p><p>— 1 Sicily (3rd c. BCE)</p><p>— Macedon: see 168 BCE above</p><p>— 1 Asia, Syria, or Cilicia 1st c. BCE</p><p>— 2 Alexandria: 1 early empire, 1 late 3rd c.</p><p>— 2 Antioch: 1 early empire, 1 2nd-3rd c.</p><p>—1 Pergamum</p><p>—1 Ephesus</p><p>—1 Nicaea</p><p>—1 Smyrna</p><p>—1 Caesarea (Cappadocia)</p><p>—1 Gallic (e.g Nemausus)</p><p><br /></p><p>Misc. contemporary with Rome (15):</p><p>—1 Scythian kings in Thrace/Black Sea area 300-100 BCE</p><p>—1 early Spanish/Iberian c. 2nd-1st c. BC (during gradual conquest of Spain)</p><p>—1 Republican imitation (Celtic)</p><p>—1 Mauretania (c. 200 BCE)</p><p>—1 Numidia (2nd c. BCE)</p><p>—2 Arabia (Sabaean/Himyarite): 1 early (c. 200 BCE), 1 late (100-200)</p><p>—1 Nabataean</p><p>—1 Kings of the Bosporus</p><p>—2 Judaea: 1 early Judaean kingdom (c. 100 BCE), 1 1st c. revolt [Thanks to Mike Margolis!]</p><p>—1 2nd-3rd c. imitation (e.g. Danube)</p><p>—1 4th c. imitation (Germanic)</p><p>—1 Aksum (c. 300-500)</p><p><br /></p><p>Successors to the Romans in the West (3)</p><p>—1 Vandals</p><p>—1 Visigoths</p><p>—1 Ostrogoths</p><p>—(Bonus: Franks and/or Lombards… expensive, though.)</p><p><br /></p><p>Parthian (6): 1 each of Mithradates I, Mithradates II, Orodes II (defeated Crassus), Phraates IV, Osroes I, Vologases IV</p><p><br /></p><p>Sasanian to ~600 CE (8): 1 each of Ardashir I, Shapur I, Shapur II, Bahram V, Peroz I, Kavad I, Khusru I, Khusru II</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Central Asia and India</b></p><p><br /></p><p>—5 Greco-Bactrian & Indo-Greek, c. 250-50 BCE: 1 early Bactrian (e.g. Eukratides) & 1 late; 1 Apollodotus I (c. 180-160 BCE 1st independent Indo-Greek ruler), 1 Menander (c. 155-130 BCE), 1 late Indo-Greek</p><p>—1 Indo-Parthian (c. 10 BCE-130 CE)</p><p><br /></p><p>Steppe invaders to ~600 CE (14):</p><p>—4 Indo-Scythians/Saka: 1 Maues/Azes; 1 Nahapana; 2 Western Satraps (30-400)</p><p>—5 Yuezhi/Kushan: 1 Yuezhi, 1 early Kushan (c. 1 CE), 1 Kujula Kadphises or Vima Takto (1st c.), 1 Kanishka (127-140), 1 late (c. 200-350)</p><p>—1 Kidarite (4th-5th c.)</p><p>—4 Hunnic/Turkic: 1 Alchon or Nezak Huns (5th. c.), 1 Hephthalite (c. 500), 1 Gökturk (c. 550 & later)</p><p>—1 Jouan-Jouan/Rouran (Rouran Khaganate)</p><p><br /></p><p>—2 Silk Road (Sogdiana/Samarqand, Bukhara, Chach etc.): 1 early imitation of Hellenistic type (c. 100 BCE), 1 later issue (3rd-5th c.) (Note: Gökturk issue could be from Silk Road area; see Steppe Invaders above. Much numismatic uncertainty here!)</p><p>—1 Khwaresmian kings (50-500)</p><p><br /></p><p>India (14):</p><p>—2 early Mahajanapadas, c. 6th-5th c. BCE, punch-marked coins (e.g. Magadha janapada)</p><p>—2 issues of the Mauryan (& Shunga) empire (322-30 BCE)</p><p>—3 tribal/civic issues from Northern India (e.g. Ujjain, Kuninda)</p><p>—3 Satavahana empire (230 BCE-220 CE) (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late)</p><p>—1 imitation of Roman issue (South India/Sri Lanka)</p><p>—3 Gupta empire (240-550) 1 early, 1 middle, 1 late</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>China and East Asia</b> (to 600 CE, i.e. before the Tang dynasty)</p><p><br /></p><p>China (28):</p><p>Zhou dynasty (1046-256 BCE) (2):</p><p>—1 cowrie & 1 imitation cowrie</p><p>—1 early (square shoulder) spade</p><p>Warring States (475-221 BCE) (7):</p><p>—1 pointed shoulder, hollow handle spade from Jin (Hartill 2.181-188)</p><p>—1 early pointed knife from Yan [edited: thanks, TypeCoin!]</p><p>—1 “ghost-face” from Chu</p><p>—1 early round coin from Qi</p><p>—1 early round coin/round hole from Liang [Thanks, TypeCoin!]</p><p>—1 square-foot spade from Zhao, issued in Mongolia, related to steppe tribes (Hartill 3.181-3)</p><p>—1 early round coin from Qin</p><p>Han dynasty (202 BCE-220 CE) (6):</p><p>—2 ban liang (1 early c. 220-180 BCE; 1 from 175-119 BCE)</p><p>—2 wu zhu (1 early c. 120 BCE; 1 later c. 90-50 BCE)</p><p>—1 Wang Mang</p><p>—1 Eastern Han (30-220) wu zhu</p><p>Three kingdoms to 16 kingdoms (220-440) (6):</p><p>—3 from the Three kingdoms period (1 Wu, 1 Shu, 1 Wei)</p><p>—1 from Eastern Jin</p><p>—2 from 16 Kingdoms period</p><p>Northern & Southern Dynasties (7):</p><p>—1 Northern Wei (386-534)</p><p>—1 Western Wei c. 550</p><p>—1 Northern Zhou (557-581)</p><p>—3 Southern Dynasties (1 Song, 1 Liang, 1 Chen)</p><p>—1 Sui (581-618)</p><p><br /></p><p>Other East Asia (poorly understood numismatics) (3):</p><p>—1 Pyu city states (Burma)</p><p>—1 “Rising Sun” coin (Funan(?); also issued in Pyu states)</p><p>—1 Mon kingdoms (e.g. conch shell/sankha coins)[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="Severus Alexander, post: 3040224, member: 84744"]Over in the [URL='https://www.cointalk.com/threads/ancient-type-set.313805/']Ancient Type Set thread[/URL], [USER=19463]@dougsmit[/USER] boldly predicted that it would be possible to build a "reasonably comprehensive set of ancient coins" with just 100 slots to fill. Since I'm a generalist collector, and I also aim to be comprehensive, this prediction inspired me to try to build the smallest checklist I could live with. Here is a first draft that I cobbled together today. As you can tell from the title, I wasn't quite able to keep it to 100. :oops: The total number right now stands at ~186 [edit: now 200], and I would be very interested to hear your comments and suggestions! What crucial coin issuers/times am I missing? Can the list stay at 200 or less? The list aims to be [I]historically comprehensive[/I], not numismatically comprehensive; and it focuses on political and military history, not cultural or social. It's awfully broad-brush, and there's an inevitable Western bias. (Though I hope it's less biased than you'd normally expect.) It starts with the dawn of coinage and extends to 500 CE, or in the case of China, 600 CE since that's a tidier place to draw the line, just before the Tang dynasty. [Edit: some other polities were extended to ~600 CE where this was a natural line to draw.] (So I guess this is my answer to the question posed in another recent thread, [URL='https://www.cointalk.com/threads/what-qualifies-as-an-ancient-coin-here.313357/']What qualifies as an ancient coin?[/URL]) I know some of you won't be happy with the sparse representation of your favourite coins. How could I include so few Roman provincials? 1 Judaean kingdom, c'mon! [Edited to 2!] Let me have it. :punch::hurting: I want this list to be the best it can be so it may prove useful to someone, sometime! (Maybe? o_O) [B]Europe, North Africa, Western Asia[/B] pre-500 BCE and c. 500 BCE (7): —1 c. 600 BCE (or earlier) electrum —1 Lydia gold or silver (Croesus or post-Croesus?) [thanks for the edit, TIF!] —1 city state in Asia minor —2 city states in Greece proper —1 Magna Graecia or Sicily —1 Olbian dolphin [added - thanks, Ryro!] 500-400 BCE (10): —1 Western European Greek outpost (e.g. Massalia) —1 Macedon/Thrace —1 Black Sea area —1 Persian Siglos —1 Phoenicia —1 Aegina (naval power, rival to Athens) —1 Corinth [added - thanks, Zumbly!] —1 Athens c. 454-404 BCE (Pelopponesian War) —1 Sikyon c. 460-405 BCE (coinage used by Sparta) —1 Sicily 400-300 BCE (13): —1 Western European Greek outpost + 1 local imitation (e.g. Massalia) —1 Carthage —2 Italy/Sicily (1 Greek colony, 1 non-Greek) —1 coin from the Spartan hegemony (e.g. Chalkidian league) —1 Thebes c. 371-362 BCE (Theban hegemony) —2 other major Greek city states or leagues (e.g. Aetolian League, Argos, Larissa, Eretria, Elis, Olynthus/Chalcidian League) —2 kingdoms subject to Persian control (e.g. Dynasts of Caria, Lycia etc.) —1 Phillip II of Macedon —1 Alexander the Great —1 late Persian satrap who was active during Alexander’s conquest (e.g. Mazaios, Spithridates) Successors of Alexander (13): —3 Ptolemaic (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late) —3 Seleukid (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late) —3 Macedon (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late) —1 Pergamon —Bactria: see Central Asia & India —1 Rhodes (3rd. c. BCE) (period of Naval supremacy) —1 Mithridates VI of Pontus (125-60 BCE) —1 Tigranes II of Armenia (95-55 BCE) Other 3rd c. BCE (10): —2 Spain (1 Greek or Phoenician & 1 imitation) —1 Gallic/Germanic (western Europe) —1 Celtic/Danubian (eastern Europe) e.g. imitation of Phillip II —1 Olbia or other Black sea area —1 Pyrrhos of Epeiros c. 295-272 (Epeiros or Syracuse issue) —1 Mamertines c. 264 BCE (1st Punic war) —1 Cyrenaica —1 Carthage c. 2nd Punic war —1 Syracuse Rome, to ~600 CE (35): —1 Aes Rude or Aes Formatum [added - thanks, Ryro!] —1 early Aes grave —1 early denarius (c. 2nd Punic war) —1 c. 168 BCE (defeat of Macedon; get a Macedonian issue) —1 c. 100 BCE (Gaius Marius) —1 c. 90 BCE (Social War) —1 Sulla —1 63 BCE (consulship of Cicero) Imperatorial (5): one each of Julius Caesar, Pompey, Cato, Brutus, Marc Antony Emperors (22): one each of Augustus, Nero, Vespasian, Trajan, Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, Septimius Severus, 1 crisis emperor from 235-250, 1 Valerian or Gallienus, 1 Gallic emperor, Aurelian, Diocletian, Licinius I, Constantine I, Constantius II, Valentinian I, Theodosius I, Honorius, Theodosius II, Leo I, Justinian I, Maurice Tiberius Roman provincial (13) (most important cities; thanks to Zumbly for the help!): — 1 Illyria (3rd c. BCE, Roman protectorate) — 1 Sicily (3rd c. BCE) — Macedon: see 168 BCE above — 1 Asia, Syria, or Cilicia 1st c. BCE — 2 Alexandria: 1 early empire, 1 late 3rd c. — 2 Antioch: 1 early empire, 1 2nd-3rd c. —1 Pergamum —1 Ephesus —1 Nicaea —1 Smyrna —1 Caesarea (Cappadocia) —1 Gallic (e.g Nemausus) Misc. contemporary with Rome (15): —1 Scythian kings in Thrace/Black Sea area 300-100 BCE —1 early Spanish/Iberian c. 2nd-1st c. BC (during gradual conquest of Spain) —1 Republican imitation (Celtic) —1 Mauretania (c. 200 BCE) —1 Numidia (2nd c. BCE) —2 Arabia (Sabaean/Himyarite): 1 early (c. 200 BCE), 1 late (100-200) —1 Nabataean —1 Kings of the Bosporus —2 Judaea: 1 early Judaean kingdom (c. 100 BCE), 1 1st c. revolt [Thanks to Mike Margolis!] —1 2nd-3rd c. imitation (e.g. Danube) —1 4th c. imitation (Germanic) —1 Aksum (c. 300-500) Successors to the Romans in the West (3) —1 Vandals —1 Visigoths —1 Ostrogoths —(Bonus: Franks and/or Lombards… expensive, though.) Parthian (6): 1 each of Mithradates I, Mithradates II, Orodes II (defeated Crassus), Phraates IV, Osroes I, Vologases IV Sasanian to ~600 CE (8): 1 each of Ardashir I, Shapur I, Shapur II, Bahram V, Peroz I, Kavad I, Khusru I, Khusru II [B]Central Asia and India[/B] —5 Greco-Bactrian & Indo-Greek, c. 250-50 BCE: 1 early Bactrian (e.g. Eukratides) & 1 late; 1 Apollodotus I (c. 180-160 BCE 1st independent Indo-Greek ruler), 1 Menander (c. 155-130 BCE), 1 late Indo-Greek —1 Indo-Parthian (c. 10 BCE-130 CE) Steppe invaders to ~600 CE (14): —4 Indo-Scythians/Saka: 1 Maues/Azes; 1 Nahapana; 2 Western Satraps (30-400) —5 Yuezhi/Kushan: 1 Yuezhi, 1 early Kushan (c. 1 CE), 1 Kujula Kadphises or Vima Takto (1st c.), 1 Kanishka (127-140), 1 late (c. 200-350) —1 Kidarite (4th-5th c.) —4 Hunnic/Turkic: 1 Alchon or Nezak Huns (5th. c.), 1 Hephthalite (c. 500), 1 Gökturk (c. 550 & later) —1 Jouan-Jouan/Rouran (Rouran Khaganate) —2 Silk Road (Sogdiana/Samarqand, Bukhara, Chach etc.): 1 early imitation of Hellenistic type (c. 100 BCE), 1 later issue (3rd-5th c.) (Note: Gökturk issue could be from Silk Road area; see Steppe Invaders above. Much numismatic uncertainty here!) —1 Khwaresmian kings (50-500) India (14): —2 early Mahajanapadas, c. 6th-5th c. BCE, punch-marked coins (e.g. Magadha janapada) —2 issues of the Mauryan (& Shunga) empire (322-30 BCE) —3 tribal/civic issues from Northern India (e.g. Ujjain, Kuninda) —3 Satavahana empire (230 BCE-220 CE) (1 early, 1 middle, 1 late) —1 imitation of Roman issue (South India/Sri Lanka) —3 Gupta empire (240-550) 1 early, 1 middle, 1 late [B]China and East Asia[/B] (to 600 CE, i.e. before the Tang dynasty) China (28): Zhou dynasty (1046-256 BCE) (2): —1 cowrie & 1 imitation cowrie —1 early (square shoulder) spade Warring States (475-221 BCE) (7): —1 pointed shoulder, hollow handle spade from Jin (Hartill 2.181-188) —1 early pointed knife from Yan [edited: thanks, TypeCoin!] —1 “ghost-face” from Chu —1 early round coin from Qi —1 early round coin/round hole from Liang [Thanks, TypeCoin!] —1 square-foot spade from Zhao, issued in Mongolia, related to steppe tribes (Hartill 3.181-3) —1 early round coin from Qin Han dynasty (202 BCE-220 CE) (6): —2 ban liang (1 early c. 220-180 BCE; 1 from 175-119 BCE) —2 wu zhu (1 early c. 120 BCE; 1 later c. 90-50 BCE) —1 Wang Mang —1 Eastern Han (30-220) wu zhu Three kingdoms to 16 kingdoms (220-440) (6): —3 from the Three kingdoms period (1 Wu, 1 Shu, 1 Wei) —1 from Eastern Jin —2 from 16 Kingdoms period Northern & Southern Dynasties (7): —1 Northern Wei (386-534) —1 Western Wei c. 550 —1 Northern Zhou (557-581) —3 Southern Dynasties (1 Song, 1 Liang, 1 Chen) —1 Sui (581-618) Other East Asia (poorly understood numismatics) (3): —1 Pyu city states (Burma) —1 “Rising Sun” coin (Funan(?); also issued in Pyu states) —1 Mon kingdoms (e.g. conch shell/sankha coins)[/QUOTE]
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