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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;petronius, post: 1427944, member: 37365&quot;]The theme is Italy, of course, the year, 1861, unification of the country.</p><p><br /></p><p><span style="color: #ff0000"><i>&quot;The Senate and Chamber of Deputies have approved, we have sanctioned and promulgate the following: </i></span></p><p><span style="color: #ff0000"><i><br /></i></span></p><p><span style="color: #ff0000"><i>Article one: The King Vittorio Emanuele II assumes for himself and his successors the title of King of Italy. We order that the present, bearing the Seal of the State, is included in the proceedings of the government, sending anyone up to observe and enforce it as law of the State.&quot; </i></span></p><p><span style="color: #ff0000"><i><br /></i></span></p><p><span style="color: #ff0000"></span>These are the words that you can read in the paper of Law. 4671, March 17, 1861, of the Kingdom of Sardinia and count as official proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy. </p><p><br /></p><p>In about two years, from spring 1859 to spring 1861, was born, an Italy is divided into seven states, the new kingdom: a route from the military victory of the French-Piedmontese army in 1859, the victorious <i>&quot;Spedizione dei Mille&quot;</i> by Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860, and the concomitant gradual disintegration of the various Italian states who had tied their fate to the presence of Austria in the peninsula and ends with the proclamation of Vittorio Emanuele II King of Italy. </p><p><br /></p><p>The new state had not unique political traditions (along a north-central city with traditions and noble, there was a highly centralized monarchical traditions in the south, in Naples), but was based on a cultural nation of ancient origins which formed a strong unitary across the country, one state - as he wrote after the close of the Second World War a distinguished Swiss historian Werner Kaegi, that five centuries before the unit had <i>&quot;an effective national consciousness&quot; </i>even if no political form. </p><p><br /></p><p>In the rapid recognition of the kingdom by Great Britain and Switzerland, March 30, 1861, just two weeks after its proclamation, followed by United States of America April 13, 1861, beyond sympathy for the new Liberal government, there was also a design, even if still uncertain, the benefit that would stretch the European continent by the presence of the new kingdom. </p><p>It began to spread the belief that a united Italy would have constituted an element of stability for the entire continent. Instead of being a land of conflict between powers decided to buy a hegemonic position in central and southern Europe and the Mediterranean, Italy unified, that is, a reign of more than 22 million inhabitants, could be an effective obstacle to the expansionist tendencies of France on one side and the Austrian Empire and the other, thanks to its favorable geographical position, fit in the contrast between France and Great Britain for domination of the Mediterannean Sea.</p><p><br /></p><p>In this map, pink, the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. Yellow, Veneto, annexed in 1866.</p><p>In green, the Papal States, annexed in 1870, when Rome became the capital of the country.</p><p><br /></p><p>petronius <img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie6" alt=":cool:" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH]174244.vB[/ATTACH][/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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