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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;cmezner, post: 4078196, member: 87809&quot;]<a href="http://@svessien" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://@svessien" rel="nofollow">@svessien</a> the second coin, first row, middle: Ottoman Empire, it takes some time to understand the legends.</p><p>Gold coins include: the Altin, Mahbub and Kurush. The Kurush coins are the coins we deal with most frequently.</p><p><br /></p><p>There are two requirements for proclaiming being a Sultan, khutba and money issuance in the name of the Sultan. The first thing to be done is to make a tugra in his name. Tugra can be described as a signature of the Sultan and it was made unique for each Sultan. In a tugra, there are the name of the emperor, name of his father and a prayer: For example, Abdülmecid Han bin Mahmut, el muzaffer daima ( Abdülmecid son of Mahmut, be victorious forever).</p><p>e.g.:</p><p style="text-align: center">[ATTACH=full]1064208[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>The tugra was used on coins of the Ottoman era and subsequent period in places beyond its boundaries (Crimea, Sudan, Afghanistan, Indian, Princeshipa). It is very easy to separate them since their details had never come close to the delicacy of the Ottoman tugras. If there is a very fine tugra it is most probably an Ottoman coin. The Turkish name tura (head / obverse) has been derived from the&nbsp; tugra.</p><p>Next phase is to determine the date and mint. Although there is no face value indication on the coins, they all have an issuance date. There are two different dating system in Ottoman coin Kostantiniye ( Costantinople), Misir (Egypt) and Baghdad, there is the date of the accession of the Sultan and either on the obverse or the reverse, the year of the reign when it was issued is shown. The date of the accession is accepted as the first year and is called as &quot;cülüs&quot; i.e. AH 1255/5 shows the 5th reign year of Sultan Abdülmecid. In order to determine the exact date you can do this simple calculation: 1255+5-1=1259. if you can determine one of the accession dates mentioned above, you can easily find the name of the Sultan. Special care is necessary for the coins issued in 1293, since in this year there were three Sultans: Abdulaziz, Murat V whose era started, and Abdulhamid.</p><p>You can read the details here: <a href="http://www.coinsworld.eu/info/ottoman-coin/" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.coinsworld.eu/info/ottoman-coin/" rel="nofollow">http://www.coinsworld.eu/info/ottoman-coin/</a></p><p><br /></p><p>I used the information of coinsworld.eu to attribute my coin, and it took me some time; it was really fun to discover all the meanings and I just hope I did it right:</p><p><br /></p><p>Ottoman Empire, Abdülmecid I, AU, 50 Kurush,</p><p>Year&nbsp; 12&nbsp; <a href="http://dateconverter.net/arabic/%D9%A1%D9%A2%D9%A5%D9%A5/?hl=en" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://dateconverter.net/arabic/%D9%A1%D9%A2%D9%A5%D9%A5/?hl=en" rel="nofollow">١٢٥٥ - Muslim Lunar (Hijra) [AH]</a> 1255 (1850)</p><p>Qustantiniya (Constantinople mint), 1849 - 1850</p><p>3.57 g, 12 mm</p><p>Ref.: Friedberg 19; Ölcer 31.066; Pere 879; KM 678</p><p>Obverse:</p><p>سنه</p><p>Toughra, stars and RY within wreath.</p><p>١٢&nbsp; &nbsp; below toughra&nbsp; (12)</p><p>Reverse: Legend (May he be victorious) Constantinople date 1255; star above; all within wreath.</p><p>عز نصره</p><p>ضرب في</p><p>قسطنطينية</p><p><br /></p><p>١٢٥٥</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1064209[/ATTACH] [ATTACH=full]1064210[/ATTACH][/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>