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<p>[QUOTE="Ed Snible, post: 3511962, member: 82322"]Martin Price said the spear-head/Σ, caduceus/M and (NK) issues are Cypriot, citing a hoard from Amathus and similarity of the letter symbols to gold and silver of Salamis. Price said Edward Newell sought to link the NK monogram with king Nikokreon/Nicocreon and the M with Ptolemy’s brother Menelaus. Little is known of king Nikokreon except that he paid homage to Alexander the Great at Tyre in 331 BC. Nikokreon co-operated with Seleukos in 315 BC but was not mentioned during the siege of Salamis in 306 BC – implying he died before that date.</p><p><br /></p><p>For the Medusa bronzes, Richard Ashton believes the double-axe, Κ, and Μ issues are from Kaunos, the rose issue from Sardes, and the "hat" issue from an uncertain Northern mint. Ashton’s attributions are correlated with the number of specimens in regional Turkish museums. Ashton’s attributes revise the earlier standard work by Martin Price. Price had assigned the double-axe / K and spear-head / K varieties to Miletus, citing similarities to gold and silver of Miletus and the Caria (1986) hoard. Price had put the "hat" / M and rose varieties in his “Miletus or Mylasa” section.</p><p><br /></p><p>The most detailed study of the series is Katerini Liampi’s. She believes there is no relationship between the anonymous issues and those with monograms as <i>episema </i>[=boss iconography]. They depict different shield and helmet types — the only common issue is the labrys and the K on anonymous and Demetrios coins.<font size="2"> </font>Liampi believes the bronze issue with thunderbolt boss started in Alexander III’s lifetime because of connections in legends and monograms. The thunderbolt boss issue circulated as the smaller denomination alongside Alexander’s Herakles/bow and club type. Liampi reports that at the city of Demetrias, founded in 293 BC, there were no anonymous pieces so they cannot belong to the interregnum.</p><p><br /></p><p>There was an English summary of Katerini Liampi („Zur Chronologie der sogenannten ‚anonymen’ makedonischen Münzen des späten 4. Jhs. v. Chr.” from <i>Jahrbuch für Numismatik und Geldgeschichte</i>, 1986, p. 41-65) by FORVM web site user Drapsul. I don't know if it is still there. Other things worth reading are Richard Ashton, “Kaunos, not Miletos or Mylasa”, <i>Numismatic Chronicle </i>(2004), p. 33-46 and R. W. Matheisen “The Shield / Helmet Bronze Coinage of Macedonia: A Preliminary Analysis”, in <i>SAN </i>X (1979)[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="Ed Snible, post: 3511962, member: 82322"]Martin Price said the spear-head/Σ, caduceus/M and (NK) issues are Cypriot, citing a hoard from Amathus and similarity of the letter symbols to gold and silver of Salamis. Price said Edward Newell sought to link the NK monogram with king Nikokreon/Nicocreon and the M with Ptolemy’s brother Menelaus. Little is known of king Nikokreon except that he paid homage to Alexander the Great at Tyre in 331 BC. Nikokreon co-operated with Seleukos in 315 BC but was not mentioned during the siege of Salamis in 306 BC – implying he died before that date. For the Medusa bronzes, Richard Ashton believes the double-axe, Κ, and Μ issues are from Kaunos, the rose issue from Sardes, and the "hat" issue from an uncertain Northern mint. Ashton’s attributions are correlated with the number of specimens in regional Turkish museums. Ashton’s attributes revise the earlier standard work by Martin Price. Price had assigned the double-axe / K and spear-head / K varieties to Miletus, citing similarities to gold and silver of Miletus and the Caria (1986) hoard. Price had put the "hat" / M and rose varieties in his “Miletus or Mylasa” section. The most detailed study of the series is Katerini Liampi’s. She believes there is no relationship between the anonymous issues and those with monograms as [I]episema [/I][=boss iconography]. They depict different shield and helmet types — the only common issue is the labrys and the K on anonymous and Demetrios coins.[SIZE=2] [/SIZE]Liampi believes the bronze issue with thunderbolt boss started in Alexander III’s lifetime because of connections in legends and monograms. The thunderbolt boss issue circulated as the smaller denomination alongside Alexander’s Herakles/bow and club type. Liampi reports that at the city of Demetrias, founded in 293 BC, there were no anonymous pieces so they cannot belong to the interregnum. There was an English summary of Katerini Liampi („Zur Chronologie der sogenannten ‚anonymen’ makedonischen Münzen des späten 4. Jhs. v. Chr.” from [I]Jahrbuch für Numismatik und Geldgeschichte[/I], 1986, p. 41-65) by FORVM web site user Drapsul. I don't know if it is still there. Other things worth reading are Richard Ashton, “Kaunos, not Miletos or Mylasa”, [I]Numismatic Chronicle [/I](2004), p. 33-46 and R. W. Matheisen “The Shield / Helmet Bronze Coinage of Macedonia: A Preliminary Analysis”, in [I]SAN [/I]X (1979)[/QUOTE]
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