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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;talerman, post: 3103938, member: 89314&quot;]There is a good quick summary of the Kipper-Wipper story in Wikipedia: see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipper_und_Wipper" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipper_und_Wipper" rel="nofollow">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipper_und_Wipper</a>.</p><p><br /></p><p>Any coin struck from late 1619 to early 1623 is suspect.&nbsp; Many are underweight which is fairly easy to detect. Many are debased silver with a greater copper content which is less easy to detect (and I have never noticed a red tinge).&nbsp; Some have funny denominations, like 150 Kreuzer. Many were struck at mints that did not have the legal mint right and often only produced coins in the Kipper- and Wipper period, for example the coins struck at small towns like Beeskow, Camenz, Cottbus, Drossen, Furstenwalde, Goldberg, Gorlitz, Guben, Krossen, Kustrin, Kyritz etc. Also rulers with the mint right opened additional mints, perhaps so it would be less easy for them to be held responsible for the debased coinage. If you look up Saxe-Old - Altenburg in the Krause Standard Catalog of German coins, you will see the principal&nbsp; mint was Saalfeld (and briefly Gotha) but many other mints were in operation during the Kipper period. I posted a coin yesterday struck in Lucka which only operated in 1621-22. A strange mintmark can therefore be another clue (although many wanted to remain anonymous and avoided mintmarks).</p><p><br /></p><p>Less well known outside Germany is what German historians call the Second&nbsp; (or small ) Kipperzeit.&nbsp; This was another period of high inflation and currency debasement, although less catastrophic and less defined. It reached its height between 1675 and 1695, although one expert, Wielandt,&nbsp; stretches it from 1680-1750. But that is another story.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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