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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;old49er, post: 2933529, member: 78229&quot;]I have this coin coming. I&#039;m pretty excited to get a coin with a Centaur on it! Sounds like Gallienus lived in some tough times in the Roman Empire. Interesting History and time period.</p><p>&nbsp; <b>Gallienus AE Antoninianus</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Obverse:&nbsp; GALLIENVS AVG, radiate head right.</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Reverse:&nbsp; APOLLINI CONS AVG, Centaur walking right, drawing bow; letter Z below.</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Rome mint</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>267-268 AD</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>References: RIC V-I 163</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Weight: 3.11 g</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Diameter: 20.7 mm</b></p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]712835[/ATTACH] </p><p>Name commonly known as: Gallienus *** Latin Roman Name: Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus *** Reigned as Roman Emperor / Caesar: 253-260 with <a href="http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-emperors/valerian.htm" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-emperors/valerian.htm" rel="nofollow">Valerian</a> and from 260-268 alone *** Dynasty / Historical Period: Crisis of the Third Century (235 - 284). Era of the Barracks Emperors (238 - 268) *** Date of Birth: Born c. 218 *** Name of previous Emperor: His predecessor or the Emperor before Gallienus was&nbsp; <a href="http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-emperors/aemilian.htm" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-emperors/aemilian.htm" rel="nofollow">Aemilian</a></p><p><br /></p><p>Family connections / Genealogy</p><p>&nbsp;*** Name of Father: Valerian *** Name of Mother: Egnatia Mariniana *** Married: Cornelia Salonina *** Children: Valerianus, Saloninus, Egnatius Marinianus</p><p><br /></p><p>Place and Date of Death: Died September 268 in Milan *** Name of next Emperor:&nbsp; The successor to Gallienus was&nbsp; <a href="http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-emperors/claudius-ii-gothicus.htm" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-emperors/claudius-ii-gothicus.htm" rel="nofollow">Claudius II (Gothicus)</a>&nbsp; </p><p>Valerian the father of Gallienus seized power via a military coup. His first act as emperor was to make his son Gallienus his co-emperor. Both Gallienus and his father sought to repel the attacks of innumerable enemies on every side of the empire including the Goths, the Franks, the Scythians and the Persians. In 259AD a campaign against the Persians culminated in a humiliating Roman defeat at the Battle of Edessa. Valerian was taken prisoner and his entire 70,000 strong Roman force was killed or captured. Gallienus made no attempt to free his father and Valerian languished for nine years in captivity until his death.</p><p><b>Interesting facts about the life of Gallienus</b></p><p>The Allemanni, meanwhile, had entered Italy, ravaged its northern territory and even threatened Rome. They withdrew, loaded with plunder. To gain allies among the barbarians, Gallienus married the daughter of the king of the Marcomanni. Every part of the empire was been laid open to the invaders. Greece was ravaged by the Goths; the famous Temple of Diana at Ephesus was burned by them, together with the city. Sapor, king of the Persians, overran Syria and Asia. He was, however, finally repelled by the brave Odenatus, who, with his queen Zenobia, ruled at Palmyra.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Gallienus - Threat by Usurpers, the &#039;Thirty Tyrants&#039;</b></p><p>A crowd of usurpers rose in arms against the weak Gallienus. There were nineteen pretenders to the throne according to Gibbon, but this period is usually known as that of the &#039;Thirty Tyrants&#039;. In order to reduce the threat of usurpers Gallienus forbade senators from becoming military commanders. This policy undermined senatorial power, as more reliable military commanders rose to prominence. This terrible period was also marked by the plague, which continued for fifteen years in every province. Five thousand people died daily at Rome for some time. Roman cities were depopulated and the number of Romans declined. A famine preceded and attended the plague and earthquakes were common.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>The Death of Gallienus</b></p><p>Gallienus made his greatest&nbsp; achievements during at the end of his reign. Having lost the greater part of the Gallic empire he repelled an invasion of Goths and defeated the Alamanni. Gallienus then moved on to lay siege to Mediolanum (Milan). During the siege Gallienus&#039; authority was challenged and Gallienus was murdered in mysterious circumstances in September 268. The death of Gallienus ended the era of the Thirty Tyrants and the Barracks emperors. Gallienus was officially succeeded by Marcus Aurelius Claudius (Claudius II), who was suspected of being involved in the conspiracy to murder Gallienus. Claudius II started the rule of the Illyrian Emperors (268 - 285).Copyright@Linda Alchin. Feel free to post your Gallienus or Centaur coins, I would love to see them.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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