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Message:: [QUOTE="lrbguy, post: 3132142, member: 88829"]For a fixed chronology, Crawford is indeed frustrating, but he does work with a relative chronology based on progressions in both obverse and reverse dies.  One point he makes that turns around my thinking a great deal is this:  "Another group of denarii, 12-14, indicates the possession of the office of Pontifex Maximus by the addition of a veil to the portrait, the denarii with the title PARENS PATRIAE show a lituus and an apex as well as a veil." (p. 494) I had supposed that the veil, as an emblem of mourning, was a signal that an issue is posthumous, but Crawford argues that among the denarii with the DICT IN PERPETVO inscription, veiled and unveiled portraits are contemporaneous.  That the veil on the denarii of JC are primarily to be associated with his priestly office and not per se his death is an eye-opener for me. For Crawford the issue with IMPER inscribed on the obverse is the first issue immediately after the Ides of March, followed by the PARENS PATRIAE issues.  Of the two denarius types with this inscription, he hedges only slightly in assigning the crossword reverse to the period after Caesar's death.[/QUOTE]