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Faustina Friday – An Interesting Representation of Cybele
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<p>[QUOTE="Roman Collector, post: 7388195, member: 75937"]<a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27643268" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27643268" rel="nofollow">This interesting article</a>, "The Phrygian Background of Kybele" by Birgitte Bøgh (<i>Numen </i>Vol. 54, No. 3 (2007), pp. 304-339), describes the way the original Phrygian goddess known as Cybele originally bore the simple name Matar (mother) and how her attributes and iconography changed as Phrygia came under the influence of Greece and Rome, particularly as she became incorporated into the Roman pantheon as <i>Magna Mater</i> after she was invoked as a protector goddess during the Punic Wars.</p><p><br /></p><p>She was originally always depicted standing and with a polos draped with a veil. She was not always depicted as accompanied by lions – though she could be – but often with birds. In contrast, on Roman coins and statuary, she is typically portrayed enthroned, wearing Greco-Roman dress, and accompanied by lions.</p><p><br /></p><p>This little provincial bronze of the city of Docimeum in Phrygia illustrates a more traditionally Phrygian depiction of the goddess: standing, wearing a veil-draped polos and flanked by lions on either side.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1285910[/ATTACH]</p><blockquote><p><font size="3">Faustina II, AD 147-175.</font></p><p><font size="3">Roman provincial Æ 18 mm, 4.40 g, 6 h.</font></p><p><font size="3">Phrygia, Docimeum, c. AD 150-154.</font></p><p><font size="3">Obv: ΦΑVСΤЄΙΝΑ СЄΒΑС, bare-headed and draped bust, right.</font></p><p><font size="3">Rev: ΔΟΚΙ-ΜЄΩΝ, cultus-statue of Cybele standing facing, flanked by lions.</font></p><p><font size="3">Refs: RPC IV.2 <a href="https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/4/1976" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/4/1976" rel="nofollow">1976 (temp)</a>; BMC 25.187,23; SNG Copenhagen 358; SNG von Aulock 3550.</font></p></blockquote><p><br /></p><p>Note that the goddess is portrayed in a garment featuring multiple ovoid objects on it. Compare this <a href="https://www.livius.org/pictures/turkey/bergama-pergamon/pergamon-museum-pieces/pergamon-statue-of-cybele/" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.livius.org/pictures/turkey/bergama-pergamon/pergamon-museum-pieces/pergamon-statue-of-cybele/" rel="nofollow">statue of Cybele found in Pergamon</a> from Hellenistic times now in the Ephesos Museum in Vienna.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1285912[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>In contrast, this is how she is portrayed in her usual Greco-Roman iconography: wearing a polos, stola and palla, enthroned, with a tympanum, and accompanied by one or more lions.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1285913[/ATTACH]</p><blockquote><p><font size="3">Septimius Severus, AD 193-211.</font></p><p><font size="3">Roman provincial Æ 27.2 mm, 10.7 gm, 8 h.</font></p><p><font size="3">Thrace, Anchialus, AD 193-211. </font></p><p><font size="3">Obv: ΑV Κ Λ CЄΠ CЄVΗΡΟC, laureate and cuirassed bust, right. </font></p><p><font size="3">Rev: ΟVΛΠΙΑΝΩΝ ΑΓΧΙΑΛΕΩΝ, Cybele enthroned left, wearing polos, holding patera, resting left arm on drum, a lion reclines at each side of throne. </font></p><p><font size="3">Refs: Moushmov 2817; AMNG III 469; Varbanov 213 var. (bust type).</font></p></blockquote><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.cointalk.com/attachments/faustina-jr-matri-magnae-dupondius-jpg.1065240/" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><blockquote><p><font size="3">Faustina II, AD 147-175/6.</font></p><p><font size="3"> Roman copper alloy as or dupondius, 12.24 g, 26.1 mm, 1 h.</font></p><p><font size="3"> Rome, AD ca. 174-176.</font></p><p><font size="3"> Obv: FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, bare-headed and draped bust, right.</font></p><p><font size="3"> Rev: MATRI MAGNAE S C, Cybele seated right, holding drum in left hand on left knee; to left and right of throne, lions, seated right.</font></p><p><font size="3"> Refs: RIC 1664, BMCRE 990; Cohen 170; RCV 5301; MIR 25.</font></p></blockquote><p><br /></p><p><i>Let's see your coins with Cybele, coins of Docimeum, or whatever you feel is relevant!</i>[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="Roman Collector, post: 7388195, member: 75937"][URL='https://www.jstor.org/stable/27643268']This interesting article[/URL], "The Phrygian Background of Kybele" by Birgitte Bøgh ([I]Numen [/I]Vol. 54, No. 3 (2007), pp. 304-339), describes the way the original Phrygian goddess known as Cybele originally bore the simple name Matar (mother) and how her attributes and iconography changed as Phrygia came under the influence of Greece and Rome, particularly as she became incorporated into the Roman pantheon as [I]Magna Mater[/I] after she was invoked as a protector goddess during the Punic Wars. She was originally always depicted standing and with a polos draped with a veil. She was not always depicted as accompanied by lions – though she could be – but often with birds. In contrast, on Roman coins and statuary, she is typically portrayed enthroned, wearing Greco-Roman dress, and accompanied by lions. This little provincial bronze of the city of Docimeum in Phrygia illustrates a more traditionally Phrygian depiction of the goddess: standing, wearing a veil-draped polos and flanked by lions on either side. [ATTACH=full]1285910[/ATTACH] [INDENT][SIZE=3]Faustina II, AD 147-175. Roman provincial Æ 18 mm, 4.40 g, 6 h. Phrygia, Docimeum, c. AD 150-154. Obv: ΦΑVСΤЄΙΝΑ СЄΒΑС, bare-headed and draped bust, right. Rev: ΔΟΚΙ-ΜЄΩΝ, cultus-statue of Cybele standing facing, flanked by lions. Refs: RPC IV.2 [URL='https://rpc.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/coins/4/1976']1976 (temp)[/URL]; BMC 25.187,23; SNG Copenhagen 358; SNG von Aulock 3550.[/SIZE][/INDENT] Note that the goddess is portrayed in a garment featuring multiple ovoid objects on it. Compare this [URL='https://www.livius.org/pictures/turkey/bergama-pergamon/pergamon-museum-pieces/pergamon-statue-of-cybele/']statue of Cybele found in Pergamon[/URL] from Hellenistic times now in the Ephesos Museum in Vienna. [ATTACH=full]1285912[/ATTACH] In contrast, this is how she is portrayed in her usual Greco-Roman iconography: wearing a polos, stola and palla, enthroned, with a tympanum, and accompanied by one or more lions. [ATTACH=full]1285913[/ATTACH] [INDENT][SIZE=3]Septimius Severus, AD 193-211. Roman provincial Æ 27.2 mm, 10.7 gm, 8 h. Thrace, Anchialus, AD 193-211. Obv: ΑV Κ Λ CЄΠ CЄVΗΡΟC, laureate and cuirassed bust, right. Rev: ΟVΛΠΙΑΝΩΝ ΑΓΧΙΑΛΕΩΝ, Cybele enthroned left, wearing polos, holding patera, resting left arm on drum, a lion reclines at each side of throne. Refs: Moushmov 2817; AMNG III 469; Varbanov 213 var. (bust type).[/SIZE][/INDENT] [IMG]https://www.cointalk.com/attachments/faustina-jr-matri-magnae-dupondius-jpg.1065240/[/IMG] [INDENT][SIZE=3]Faustina II, AD 147-175/6. Roman copper alloy as or dupondius, 12.24 g, 26.1 mm, 1 h. Rome, AD ca. 174-176. Obv: FAVSTINA AVGVSTA, bare-headed and draped bust, right. Rev: MATRI MAGNAE S C, Cybele seated right, holding drum in left hand on left knee; to left and right of throne, lions, seated right. Refs: RIC 1664, BMCRE 990; Cohen 170; RCV 5301; MIR 25.[/SIZE][/INDENT] [I]Let's see your coins with Cybele, coins of Docimeum, or whatever you feel is relevant![/I][/QUOTE]
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