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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;seth77, post: 3747618, member: 56653&quot;]As expected, this coin is listed neither in Monete dell&#039;Abruzzo e del Molise by D&#039;Andrea and Andreani, nor in Il denaro tornese nell&#039;Italia Meridionale by Fabrizi. Both on the other hand list several instances of hybrid issues, minted perhaps during the shifty period of 1462-1464, between the Battle of Troia and the defeat of the pro-Angevin revolt and the actual forfeit of Jean d&#039;Anjou&#039;s claim over the throne of Naples for the previously deposed King Rene d&#039;Anjou.</p><p><br /></p><p>These hybrids have features of both Neapolitan baronial and of earlier late 13th century Achaean coinages. Greek deniers tournois have seen intense circulation in Southern Italy following the annexation of Morea by Charles I d&#039;Anjou to his domains after 1278, but local Neapolitan tornesi did not begin to be minted until the reign of Charles III around the mid 1380s.</p><p><br /></p><p>Here are some examples of hybrid issues from Cagiati apud Fabrizi: [ATTACH=full]1005054[/ATTACH] - a Glarentza/Campobasso hybrid</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1005055[/ATTACH]</p><p>- a pseudo-Glarentza bearing the name of Nicola II di Monforte, one of the condottieri leading the pro-Angevin revolt (1459-1464)</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1005056[/ATTACH]</p><p>- a pseudo-Florent d&#039;Avesnes (1289-1297) hybrid with Nicola II (cca. 1464 or later?)</p><p><br /></p><p>Of course there are also the tornesi of Rene as King of Naples (dated cca. 1435-1440, or according to some, minted during the pro-Angevin revolt of 1459-1464):</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1005076[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>and the very rare tornese of Alfonso de Trastamara (cca. 1445-1450s):</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1005057[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>In corollary, starting with cca. 1388/1390, the Duchy of Athens enters the domain of the Acciaioli family of Florence and under this lordship immobilized tornesi were minted in the 1390s at the Acrocorinth stronghold, coins that also saw a fair amount of circulation in Italy.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1005060[/ATTACH]</p><p>- an inedit tornese/tournois of the Acciaoli interest in the Duchy of Athens.</p><p><br /></p><p>The coin presented here in the OP seems to fit along the lines of this context -- an Italian (Neapolitan) coinage with hybrid features, naming Alfonso as King and at the same time Duke of Athens. Historically, this titulature has not disappeared after the fall of the Duchy to the Ottomans around 1455-1458, and kings of Aragon have occasionally used it on the strength of their previous overlordship following the Catalan conquest in 1311. It is not impossible that the title was used by Alfonso as both King of Aragon and Naples in the 1450s. This aspect would tie nicely the presence of DVX ATHENES on a coinage of the Italia Meridionale and account for the hybrid trend between 15th century Italian legends and earlier 13-14th centuries Morean princes and/or mints.</p><p><br /></p><p>Tomorrow I will check my Bollettino di Numismatica database for possible analogies, but I don&#039;t have much hope to find any.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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