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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;calcol, post: 7929810, member: 77639&quot;]Actually, a handheld XRF analyzer pretty much is a surface analyzer.&nbsp; Analysis maybe goes down 100 microns, probably less.&nbsp;&nbsp; Problem isn’t the energy of the x-rays shot into the sample by the gun.&nbsp; It’s the lower energy and intensity of the fluorescent x-rays coming back out of the metal atoms.&nbsp; Many of these are absorbed by the metal before they can get to the surface and radiate to the gun’s detector.&nbsp; Past a certain distance, they effectively don&#039;t make it out, but are absorbed so much that only an inconsequential number escape.&nbsp; The energy and quantity of these x-rays is what the gun has to capture and analyze in order to determine metallic composition.&nbsp;&nbsp; Much bigger and very costly industrial/laboratory XRF analyzers can analyze down to a few mm.</p><p><br /></p><p>There are a couple of links below that explain in more detail.</p><p><br /></p><p>Cal</p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is-there-an-easy-way-to-calculate-what-the-penetration-depth-is-for-X-ray-florescence-in-gold" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is-there-an-easy-way-to-calculate-what-the-penetration-depth-is-for-X-ray-florescence-in-gold" rel="nofollow">https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is-there-an-easy-way-to-calculate-what-the-penetration-depth-is-for-X-ray-florescence-in-gold</a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.horiba.com/en_en/capabilities-of-xrf/" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.horiba.com/en_en/capabilities-of-xrf/" rel="nofollow">https://www.horiba.com/en_en/capabilities-of-xrf/</a>[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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