Phoenix, I think that you posted pictures of a different 1983-P Cent! It is definitely not the one posted at the start of this Thread. Frank
Well the bubbles on the reverse in the motto area, which is directly opposite the affected area on the obverse, tend to make me think this was caused by heat as I originally suggested.
This 1830 dime is simply damaged. There are numerous impact depressoins on the obverse which cause the reverse face to bulge out in the same spots.
There is no such thing as an "overlapping rim cud". It's either a rim cud or a full-fledged cud. The first cent presented on this thread presumably shows a cud since the defect extends in from the rim to the base of the bust. It would therefore be a "base of bust" cud.
That's how a retained cud works. The pieces that have broken off the die have not fallen away, they have just shifted downward so that they are below the level of the rest of the die. (Typically retained cuds are found on the anvil die because the pieces are prevented from falling away by the collar that the anvil die fits into. In order to fall "out" they have to be bounced up and out of the coining chamber. When a piece breaks away from a hammer die there is nothing to hold it in place and it almost always falls away forming a full cud. There are a few retained cuds known from hammer dies but they are very rare.) When the coin is struck the planchet metal flows down into the hole in the die forming the raised lump of a cud, but it isstill able to make contact with the piece of the die that has been shoved down and so it still shows part of the diesign from that piece. Just shifted up on top of the lump.
