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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;BATTERup646, post: 2339501, member: 75931&quot;]Okay, I&#039;ll take a dive for the second challenge. Me, (age 13, 14 tomorrow).</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://i.ebayimg.com/images/g/Jz4AAOSw5VFWLeWD/s-l500.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p>Flying Eagle Cent</p><p>Image Source: eBay.com&nbsp; (I bought it)</p><p><br /></p><p>The flying eagle cent was one f the shortest issue, as a pattern in 1856, and in circulation in 1857, and 1858. This was the first small size penny, and was made of 88% copper, and 12% nickel. This coin was issues to replace large cents, which were too big, and their copper value was too inflated, and Spanish colonial silver coins, which were not legal tender. So many were produced that it clogged commercial lines, and foreign money wasn&#039;t much of a problem anymore. The coin&#039;s design did not strike well, so James B. Longacre, the creator of this coin, created the Indian Head Cent, which was easier to strike.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://static-numista.com/catalogue/photos/etats-unis/g1584.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p>Indian Head Cent</p><p>Image Source: en.numista.com</p><p><br /></p><p>James B. Longacre, the creator of the Flying Eagle Cent above, made a new coin, that could strike easily. The coin in 1859 had a different design, it had a laurel wreath with no shield, and Liberty&#039;s face look a bit different. It was replaced in 1860. The coin was produced with copper until 1864, where there were two types, the standard copper-nickel composition, and the new copper-tin composition. The new composition was because of private minting of Civil War tokens. Because pocket change was scarce during the Civil War, companies, markets, and even some stores began privately minting &#039;currency&#039;, along with the coinage act of 1864 which banned the trade of these tokens. After the Civil War, the coin struck quite well. It was a success, a beautiful design, easily made, easily spent, are some of the pros of this coin. The coin was minted more than ever in the late 19th century, and early 20th century, reaching 100 million in 1907. In 1908, Teddy Roosevelt wanted a coin of Abraham Lincoln, because 1909 would be his 100th birthday. In February of 1909 pennies with Lincoln were successfully minted and circulated alongside the Indian Head Cent, which was now retired.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="http://websitepicturesonly.coinauctionshelp.com/New_US_COIN_IMAGES/SmallCents/1943s_steel_cent_obv.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p>Lincoln Penny</p><p>Image Source: coinauctionshelp.com</p><p><br /></p><p>In 1908, Teddy Roosevelt, wanted a coin to commemorate Abraham Lincoln, his childhood hero, the man who preserved the Union, and the man who abolished slavery. In February of 1909, the Lincoln cent was first struck with Victor David Brenner&#039;s (creator of the coin) initials, VDB on the reverse. The initial was taken out because it was supposedly too big. in 1918, the VDB returned on Lincoln&#039;s shoulder. in 1943, World War II was ongoing. The penny&#039;s copper composition had to be temporarily removed because copper was used to make bullets, so a steel composition was issued. A few copper 1943 cents were made, along with steel 1944 cents, however they are incredibly rare, and only a few are known to exist. In 1959, the coin&#039;s 50th anniversary, the reverse was changed to commemorate the Lincoln memorial, which didn&#039;t exist in 1909. In 1974, the penny&#039;s composition was about to be changed to aluminum, however congress denied the design. They were made in Philadelphia, and Denver, only 12 - 14 standard 1974 cents may exist, but one is confirmed to exist, and it is in the Smithsonian Institution. Only one 1974 D aluminum penny is known to exist, and was found in January of 2014. It is currently in jeopardy of being taken away and destroyed. In 1982, the composition was changed to 97.5% Zinc, and 2.5% copper, opposed to the 95% copper, and 5% Zinc. In 2005, it costed more than a penny to make a penny, so the penny may be in jeopardy today. In 2009, the US mint made four penny designs to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the coin, and the 200th birthday of Abraham Lincoln. in 2010, the reverse was changed again, now in the image of the Union Shield, to this day.</p><p><br /></p><p>Why i chose these is because the penny is my most favored coins. No, i love pennies, i like their design, size, how collectible they are, history, and use.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/James_Barton_Longacre_-_Ambrotype_by_Isaac_Rehn%2C_1855.jpg/220px-James_Barton_Longacre_-_Ambrotype_by_Isaac_Rehn%2C_1855.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p>James B. Longacre</p><p>Image Source: Wikipedia</p><p><br /></p><p>Longacre was the fourth cheif engraver of the United States Mint. Longacre was born on August 11 1794, on a farm in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. His mother Sarah Longacre, maiden name Barton, died when he was young. His father, Peter Longacre remarried. Longacre left home at the age of 12, seekign work at the nearby city of Philadelphia. He married Eliza Stiles in 1827 or 1828. Longacre became Cheif Engraver on September 16 1844. He made lots of coin designs, the silver three cent, flying eagle cent, Indian head cent, type four half dime, two cent piece, shield nickel, and the Coronet head $20 gold coin. He died January 1st of 1869.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Victor_David_Brenner.jpg/220px-Victor_David_Brenner.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p>Victor David Brenner</p><p>Image Source: Wikipedia</p><p><br /></p><p>Brenner was born on June 12 1871 to Jewish parents in Sialiui, Lithuania. His birth name was Viktoras Baranauskas, But changed it to Victor David Brenner because he thought it would be easier to obtain American citizenship. He came to this country in 1890, he settled in New York for most of his life. In 1898, he went to Paris to study Oscar Roty, a French Medalist. Brenner was chosen to create the Lincoln cent in 1908. In 1909, the coin began circulating. He died on April 5 1924.</p><p><br /></p><p>Okay, I got this information from Red book, USA coin book, and overall knowledge. The image&#039;s source is in the title. I believe you wanted me to make a short biography on the coin&#039;s creators, yes? This took me about an hour and a half to type. Why i chose these coins is because the penny is my most favored coins. No, i love pennies, i like their design, size, how collectible they are, history, and use. Abraham Lincoln was actually the reason why i started collecting anything other than state quarters. I think of Lincoln as my favorite president.</p><p><br /></p><p>Thanks for reading this huge post.</p><p>-John[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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