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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;Roman Collector, post: 3164544, member: 75937&quot;]Cybele, Indulgentia and Tyche may wear a <i>polos</i>, a thin cylindrical hat:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813161[/ATTACH] </p><p>Septimius Severus, AD 193-211.</p><p>Roman provincial Æ 27.2 mm, 10.7 gm, 8 h.</p><p>Thrace, Anchialus, AD 193-211. </p><p>Obv: ΑV Κ Λ CЄΠ CЄVΗΡΟC, laureate and cuirassed bust, right. </p><p>Rev: ΟVΛΠΙΑΝΩΝ ΑΓΧΙΑΛΕΩΝ, Cybele enthroned left, wearing polos, holding patera, resting left arm on drum, a lion reclines at each side of throne. </p><p>Refs: Moushmov 2817; AMNG III 469; Varbanov 213 var. (bust type).</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813164[/ATTACH] </p><p>Caracalla AD 198-217.</p><p>Roman AR Denarius 3.37 g, 19.7 mm.</p><p>Rome mint, AD 211.</p><p>Obv: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG BRIT, laureate head, right.</p><p>Rev: INDVLG FECVNDAE, Julia Domna as Indulgentia, wearing polos, seated left on cerule chair, extending right hand and holding scepter.</p><p>Refs: RIC 214; BMCRE 73; RCV 6805.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813181[/ATTACH] </p><p>Gordian III, AD 238-244, with Tranquillina.</p><p>Roman provincial Æ Pentassarion, 27.4 mm, 12.23 g.</p><p>Thrace, Odessos, AD 241.</p><p>Obv: ΑVΤ Κ Μ ΓΟΡΔΙΑΝΟC ΑVΓ CΕ-ΤΡΑΝΚVΛ-ΛEΙΝ[Α], laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Gordian III right, vis-à-vis diademed and draped bust of Tranquillina left.</p><p>Rev: ΟΔΗCCΕΙ[ΤΩΝ], Tyche standing left, wearing polos, holding rudder and cornucopiae; E (denomination) in field, left.</p><p>Refs: Moushmov 1697; Varbanov 4608; AMNG 2402.</p><p><br /></p><p>~~~</p><p><br /></p><p>The polos is not the same as a <i>modius</i> or <i>kalathos</i>, a tall headdress made of a grain-basket with a flared top symbolizing prosperity, worn by certain gods and goddesses such as Serapis, Homonoia, and Genius:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813165[/ATTACH] </p><p>Caracalla, AD 198-217.</p><p>Roman AR denarius, 2.9g, 19mm, 6h.</p><p>Rome, issue 10, AD 217.</p><p>Obv: ANTONINVS PIVS AVG GERM, laureate head right.</p><p>Rev: PM TRP XX COS IIII PP; Serapis, wearing modius, standing facing, head left, holding wreath and scepter.</p><p>Refs: RIC 289c; BMCRE 188; Cohen/RSC 382; RCV 6846; Hill 1586.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813166[/ATTACH] </p><p>Caracalla, AD 198-217, with mother, Julia Domna, AD 193-217.</p><p>Roman provincial Æ pentassarion, 26.1 mm, 10.68 g, 7h.</p><p>Moesia Inferior, Marcianopolis; Quintilianus, legatus consularis, AD 212-217.</p><p>Obv: ΑΝΤΩΝΙΝΟC ΑVΓΟVCΤΟC ΙΟVΛΙΑ ΔΟΜΝΑ, confronted busts of Caracalla and Domna.</p><p>Rev: VΠ ΚVΝΤΙΛΙΑΝΟV ΜΑΡΚΙΑΝΟΠΟΛΙΤΩΝ, Homonoia, wearing kalathos, standing at altar, holding patera and cornucopiae; Є (=5) in field, left.</p><p>Refs: AMNG I 677; Moushmov 489; BMC --.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813180[/ATTACH] </p><p>Claudius II, AD 268-270.</p><p>Roman billon antoninianus, 19mm, 3.6g, 12h.</p><p>Rome, issue 1, officina 3, c. September 268 – end 269.</p><p>Obv: IMP C CLAVDIVS AVG, radiate head right.</p><p>Rev: GENIVS AVG, Genius standing left, wearing modius, holding patera over small altar in right hand and cornucopiae in left hand; –/Γ//–</p><p>Refs: RIC 45; Cohen 110; MER/RIC temp 192; RCV 11339; Normanby 634; Hunter 13.</p><p><br /></p><p>~~~</p><p><br /></p><p>The turreted or mural crown is a headdress made of city walls. As such, it typically worn by personifications of cities or other geographical divisions:</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813182[/ATTACH] </p><p>Alexandria Troas, time of Gallienus, c. AD 253-268 </p><p>Autonomous civic issue, Æ23, 5.9g, 6h </p><p>Obv: ALEX TRO CO, turreted and draped bust of Tyche right; to left, vexillum inscribed CO/AV in two lines </p><p>Rev: COL AVG TROA, Marsyas standing right on pedestal, holding wineskin </p><p>Refs: Bellinger A497; SNG Copenhagen 103; SNG von Aulock 1463.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813184[/ATTACH] </p><p>Gallienus, AD 253-268.</p><p>Roman AR Antoninianus, 3.56 g, 22.0 mm, 6 h.</p><p>Samosata(?), AD 255-258 (?).</p><p>Obv: Radiate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / ORIENS AVG, turreted female (the Orient) standing right, presenting wreath to Gallienus standing left in military dress and holding a spear; wreath above. RIC V 445; Göbl 1698b; RSC 705a; RCV 10298; Hunter 71.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]813190[/ATTACH] </p><p>Gratian, AD 379-383. </p><p>Roman Æ maiorina (Æ2); 22.6 mm, 5.87 gm, 8:00. </p><p>Siscia, AD 378-383. </p><p>Obv: D N GRATIA-NVS P F AVG, Diademed, draped and cuirassed bust, right. </p><p>Rev: REPARATIO REIPVB, emperor standing facing, head left, raising kneeling, turreted woman (the Roman Republic), and holding Victory on globe; in exergue, BSISC•.</p><p>Refs: RIC 26a4; LRBC 1519; Cohen 30; RCV 20008.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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