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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;ErolGarip, post: 2801252, member: 88736&quot;]I was in Europe for a year, but, it was before 1995, probably the year when those Euro coin&amp;note discussions started. I think that those discussions were mainly behind the doors, were not in the public. I don&#039;t know what aspects mathematics&amp;economy&amp;etc experts discussed, but, I can say it seems that they reached a mathematically correct (at least, closer to absolute correctness), however, it seems result is practically incorrect. I&#039;m hearing/reading on the net that in the countries/regions (US, EU, Japan, etc) where smallest coins exist in the market, but, they are not circulated enough. If a coin is circulated, mathematically, we can talk about cycle. When there is cycle, we can talk about frequency. In US, EU, etc, whats happening is the smaller value coins the smaller freuency, that&#039;s, less return to the market (due to being kept in moneyboxes, etc). I see that US EU etc have been forcing the market to make smaller value coins return/cycle, but, it is not happening, therefore, they have been lunching smaller value coins in quantities more than necessary. So, practically, it too is a fail. Anyway, beside math, these are also about economy, in that there are things like inflation &amp; deflation which are killing the math. How? For ex. neither inflation nor deflation is desired. But, stagnation is not desired, either. So, this logic is absurd and absurd logic is not desired in the math. Anyway, there is/are contradictions and my economy knowledge is not much to discuss these with economists. Lets take pause here, we can talk math&amp;market later, after learning coins better enough.</p><p><br /></p><p>Now, from responses here and from no response, I learnt, I arrived at this conclusion that: </p><p><br /></p><p>with some few exceptions like Sovereign, all coins in modern era (say, in last 2000? years) have had numerical values, numerals on their faces of coins, as figures like &quot;5/V/etc&quot; or as words like &quot;Five/etc&quot;, things which I relate to the math - while there was less or no numerals at all in ancient coins. </p><p><br /></p><p>So, it is necessary now to add this new question to my OQ (original question): </p><p><br /></p><p>What is the oldest coin on which there is a numeral/face value (such as 5/Five/etc)?[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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