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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;curtislclay, post: 4417902, member: 89514&quot;]DonnaML,</p><p><br /></p><p>Thanks for your illustrated objections!</p><p><br /></p><p>But (a) the object on Balbinus&#039; coins is much too thin to be a parazonium. Plus the scepter is a standard attribute of the Genius of the Senate, and different lengths, ornamentation, or ways of holding it do not change its meaning.</p><p><br /></p><p>(b) Since the parazonium is a weapon, I don&#039;t think you will find it elsewhere associated with a togate figure, the toga being the garb of the unarmed Roman citizen. The parazonium is usually associated with military dress, that is cloak (paludamentum) and cuirass (breastplate).</p><p><br /></p><p>(c) Balbinus&#039; identical type of Genius of the Senate with short scepter was also used for Caracalla in 214 AD, P M TR P XVII COS IIII P P (RIC 246), and for Volusian in 253 AD, P M TR P IIII COS II, RIC 140, pl. 14.6. Would you want to see here too a combination of Genius of the Senate and emperor, carrying a thin parazonium rather than his standard scepter?[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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