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Message:: [QUOTE="Ocatarinetabellatchitchix, post: 7839202, member: 99554"][ATTACH=full]1348143[/ATTACH] "I FOUND ROME A CITY OF BRICKS AND LEFT IT A CITY OF MARBLE." The history Founder of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he is described as one of the most effective leaders in human history. His maternal great-uncle Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC and Octavian was named in Caesar's will as his adopted son and heir. January 16, 27 BC the Senate gave Octavian the new titles of Augustus and Princeps. Augustus comes from the Latin Augere (meaning to increase) and can be translated as "the illustrious". It was a title of religious authority rather than political authority. Historians, both ancient and modern, have made varying judgments about Augustus. Some have condemned his ruthless pursuit of power, especially his role in proscription during the triumvirate era. Others, like Tacitus who is putting the imperial regime on trial, have recognized his actions as sovereign. Contemporary historians sometimes criticize his unscrupulous methods and authoritarian style of government, but they generally credit him for establishing an efficient administration, a stable government, and bringing security and prosperity back to this country, which will become the Roman Empire. He died 19 August AD 14, while visiting Nola where his father had died. [ATTACH=full]1348142[/ATTACH] The coinage Under the reign of Augustus was implemented a monetary reform, in 19 BC. From Augustus, and throughout the Empire, the emperors took advantage of the coinage for their propaganda, by taking care of their portrait on the coins. Augustus put the minting of gold and silver coins, the aureus and the denarius, under his personal control without changing their weight or finesse. Aureus gold, weighing about a quarter of an ounce, was worth twenty-five deniers of silver, weighing about one-eighth of a troy ounce. He also reformed in a more complete way the denominations inferior to the denarius. New ratios were established between currencies: the sestertius was now minted from about one ounce of orichalcum, an alloy of copper and zinc, rather than silver, and set at a quarter of a denarius. The dupondius, once a two-pound bronze coin, was now an orichalcum, valued at half a sestertius and weighing half. The half ace ounce, worth half a dupondius, the semis, worth half an ace, and the quadrans, worth half a semis, were the first pure copper coins minted in Rome since 84 BC.While the coinage of Augustus is extensive and richly varied, it can be grouped into three different categories: the Imperatorial issues as Octavian, the Imperial issues as Augustus and various issues struck in the names of moneyers or proconsuls. The opening of the Lugdunum mint in 15 BC was a very important date; from that moment, Roman gold and silver coins were produced mainly, then exclusively from 12 BC, in this workshop. On the day he died, please show me your Augustan coins ! [ATTACH=full]1348140[/ATTACH] Ae AsRIC 428P LVRIVS AGRIPPA25 mm  8.05g [ATTACH=full]1348141[/ATTACH]Ae AsRIC 427P LVRIVS AGRIPPA25 mm  8.35g[/QUOTE]

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