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Ancient => no, really, really fricken ancient!! => it's "Scarab Time"!!
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<p>[QUOTE="Dionysos, post: 1714268, member: 44191"]Most of them are holed, so it seem that these were worn in some way.</p><p><br /></p><p>Something written by a member (Russ) on FAC about the things...</p><p><br /></p><p>"Holes in <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a>. Most <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a> were suspended from string, and wires; or mounted in swivel rings. so they were drilled along their longitudinal <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=axis" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=axis" rel="nofollow">axis</a>, very rarely across the longitudinal <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=axis" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=axis" rel="nofollow">axis</a>. If a <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarab</a> was to be made from <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience" rel="nofollow">faience</a>, a <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=terra" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=terra" rel="nofollow">terra</a> cotta (clay) mold was made, in two pieces - the bottom and top halves - and a rod, perhaps a pieces of copper or even wax covered string was laid between the two halves The <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience" rel="nofollow">faience</a> was poured into the mold and when the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience" rel="nofollow">faience</a> dried, the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarab</a> was removed, glazed and fired. Some <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a> and <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1616" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1616" rel="nofollow">amulets</a> are referred to as"kiln wasters" - something happened in the kiln and the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a> were spoiled. Sometimes, the hole was filled with molten glaze and the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarab</a> could not be threaded - thus a <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarab</a> or <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=amulet" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=amulet" rel="nofollow">amulet</a> with an incomplete hole. The vast majority of <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=steatite" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=steatite" rel="nofollow">steatite</a> and hard <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0" rel="nofollow">stone</a> <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a> were drilled half way through from both ends and <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=met" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=met" rel="nofollow">met</a> in the middle. Often times, the drilling was not very precise and you could see how the drills strayed in translucent or clear stones like rock crystal, amethyst, carnelian, etc. The holes at each end tend to be wide in <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=diameter" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=diameter" rel="nofollow">diameter</a> and taper as the drill proceeded into the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0" rel="nofollow">stone</a>. The drill moved, it drifted a <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit" rel="nofollow">bit</a> until a dimple or hollow was formed in the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0" rel="nofollow">stone</a>; once the drill <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit" rel="nofollow">bit</a> was seated, drilling could be more accurate. The drill <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit" rel="nofollow">bit</a> was probably a copper or soft bronze rod, tapped into emery or hard quartz sand. As the emery imbedded in the copper was rotated by the bow drill, the harder sand cut into the softer material. There are exceptions to every rule - <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a> made for pharaohs show just how accurate royal artisans could be. Some <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a> have no holes, these were to be inlayed into another material or were to be inserted between mummy bandages. Naturally, the hugh temple <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials" rel="nofollow">scarabs</a> measuring about 3 x 5 feet were not drilled."[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="Dionysos, post: 1714268, member: 44191"]Most of them are holed, so it seem that these were worn in some way. Something written by a member (Russ) on FAC about the things... "Holes in [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL]. Most [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL] were suspended from string, and wires; or mounted in swivel rings. so they were drilled along their longitudinal [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=axis"]axis[/URL], very rarely across the longitudinal [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=axis"]axis[/URL]. If a [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarab[/URL] was to be made from [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience"]faience[/URL], a [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=terra"]terra[/URL] cotta (clay) mold was made, in two pieces - the bottom and top halves - and a rod, perhaps a pieces of copper or even wax covered string was laid between the two halves The [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience"]faience[/URL] was poured into the mold and when the [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=faience"]faience[/URL] dried, the [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarab[/URL] was removed, glazed and fired. Some [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL] and [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1616"]amulets[/URL] are referred to as"kiln wasters" - something happened in the kiln and the [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL] were spoiled. Sometimes, the hole was filled with molten glaze and the [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarab[/URL] could not be threaded - thus a [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarab[/URL] or [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=amulet"]amulet[/URL] with an incomplete hole. The vast majority of [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=steatite"]steatite[/URL] and hard [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0"]stone[/URL] [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL] were drilled half way through from both ends and [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=met"]met[/URL] in the middle. Often times, the drilling was not very precise and you could see how the drills strayed in translucent or clear stones like rock crystal, amethyst, carnelian, etc. The holes at each end tend to be wide in [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=diameter"]diameter[/URL] and taper as the drill proceeded into the [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0"]stone[/URL]. The drill moved, it drifted a [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit"]bit[/URL] until a dimple or hollow was formed in the [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1601&pos=0"]stone[/URL]; once the drill [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit"]bit[/URL] was seated, drilling could be more accurate. The drill [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=bit"]bit[/URL] was probably a copper or soft bronze rod, tapped into emery or hard quartz sand. As the emery imbedded in the copper was rotated by the bow drill, the harder sand cut into the softer material. There are exceptions to every rule - [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL] made for pharaohs show just how accurate royal artisans could be. Some [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL] have no holes, these were to be inlayed into another material or were to be inserted between mummy bandages. Naturally, the hugh temple [URL="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1698&pos=0#Types%20and%20Materials"]scarabs[/URL] measuring about 3 x 5 feet were not drilled."[/QUOTE]
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