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An ugly Probus but I am happy with it
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<p>[QUOTE="maridvnvm, post: 8272084, member: 31620"]The Felicitas type from my OP is used across the whole range of Emissions of Probus from Lugdunum.</p><p><br /></p><p>The reverse type with the legend TEMPORVM FELICITAS was being used by Tacitus in the last emission and as such was re-used in the first emission of Probus. They might even have re-used the dies. According to Bastien the type was then re-used in the 3rd emission. I find the attribution between these two emissions made by Bastien a real challenge. The busts are both "Radiate cuirassed bust right" and they can be identified as coming from the earlier issues (1st to 4th) by their large size head and bust and small amount of cuirass visible at the chest (compare with busts from later issues below). Bastien allocates coins to the 1st issue by the portraits being stylistically more like Tacitus/Florian than Probus. I really struggle to differentiate these and rely on obverse die matches to plate coins for my allocation to the emissions and if in doubt allocate them to the 3rd emission. The 2nd emission seems to have experiemented with officina marks and there are some scarce examples of the type with officina marks A in l. field | * in r. field which hail back to a previous issue of Tacitus.</p><p><br /></p><p>!st Emission. Double die match to Bastien 151b which has the distinctive "IMP C M AR(sic) PROBVS AVG" errored obverse legend.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132yu_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>3rd Emission. Obverse die match to Bastien 176c which has a very distinctive eye.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132al_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>The 4th Emission introduces the shortened obverse legend "IMP C PROBVS P F AVG"</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ba_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>and then combines this shortened obverse legend with a shortened reverse legend "TEMPOR FELICI" which is adopted for the next few emissions</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ei_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>Emission 5 is a celebratory issue commemorating the successful return of Probus through the city after a campaign in Gaul. This is where the more elaborate bust types occur.</p><p><br /></p><p>My OP is part of this 5th emission</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132wc_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132xr_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132wb_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ha_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>From this point on the busts are smaller (narrower) and there is more cuirass visible on the chest.</p><p><br /></p><p>Emission 6</p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ym_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ad_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>The type does not form part of emission 7 and in emission 8 the type has been transferred to officina 2 and the reverse legend extended to TEMPOR FELICIT. There is also the appearanve of the even shorter "IMP PROBVS AVG" obverse legend.</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ex_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132nm_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>Emission 9 changes the officina mark from Roman numerals (I, II etc.) to characters (A, B etc,). This introduces the appearance of the officina mark in the left and right fields</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI%20132bs%20img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI%20132es%20img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /> </p><p><br /></p><p>There is a peculiar single reverse die where the officina letter appears in the exe and there is a theory that the mint was experimenting with a new officina placment for the next emission when Probus was killed. There are only about 5 examples known and all come from the same die pair</p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132df_img.jpg" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" />[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="maridvnvm, post: 8272084, member: 31620"]The Felicitas type from my OP is used across the whole range of Emissions of Probus from Lugdunum. The reverse type with the legend TEMPORVM FELICITAS was being used by Tacitus in the last emission and as such was re-used in the first emission of Probus. They might even have re-used the dies. According to Bastien the type was then re-used in the 3rd emission. I find the attribution between these two emissions made by Bastien a real challenge. The busts are both "Radiate cuirassed bust right" and they can be identified as coming from the earlier issues (1st to 4th) by their large size head and bust and small amount of cuirass visible at the chest (compare with busts from later issues below). Bastien allocates coins to the 1st issue by the portraits being stylistically more like Tacitus/Florian than Probus. I really struggle to differentiate these and rely on obverse die matches to plate coins for my allocation to the emissions and if in doubt allocate them to the 3rd emission. The 2nd emission seems to have experiemented with officina marks and there are some scarce examples of the type with officina marks A in l. field | * in r. field which hail back to a previous issue of Tacitus. !st Emission. Double die match to Bastien 151b which has the distinctive "IMP C M AR(sic) PROBVS AVG" errored obverse legend. [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132yu_img.jpg[/IMG] 3rd Emission. Obverse die match to Bastien 176c which has a very distinctive eye. [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132al_img.jpg[/IMG] The 4th Emission introduces the shortened obverse legend "IMP C PROBVS P F AVG" [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ba_img.jpg[/IMG] and then combines this shortened obverse legend with a shortened reverse legend "TEMPOR FELICI" which is adopted for the next few emissions [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ei_img.jpg[/IMG] Emission 5 is a celebratory issue commemorating the successful return of Probus through the city after a campaign in Gaul. This is where the more elaborate bust types occur. My OP is part of this 5th emission [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132wc_img.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132xr_img.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132wb_img.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ha_img.jpg[/IMG] From this point on the busts are smaller (narrower) and there is more cuirass visible on the chest. Emission 6 [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ym_img.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ad_img.jpg[/IMG] The type does not form part of emission 7 and in emission 8 the type has been transferred to officina 2 and the reverse legend extended to TEMPOR FELICIT. There is also the appearanve of the even shorter "IMP PROBVS AVG" obverse legend. [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132ex_img.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132nm_img.jpg[/IMG] Emission 9 changes the officina mark from Roman numerals (I, II etc.) to characters (A, B etc,). This introduces the appearance of the officina mark in the left and right fields [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI%20132bs%20img.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI%20132es%20img.jpg[/IMG] There is a peculiar single reverse die where the officina letter appears in the exe and there is a theory that the mint was experimenting with a new officina placment for the next emission when Probus was killed. There are only about 5 examples known and all come from the same die pair [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10618/RI_132df_img.jpg[/IMG][/QUOTE]
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An ugly Probus but I am happy with it
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