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An interesting twin issue of Valerian and Gallienus from Viminacium
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<p>[QUOTE="curtislclay, post: 7779942, member: 89514"]Were Göbl's "Viminacium" coins really struck at that mint? I raised doubts in two Forum posts of 2005:</p><p><br /></p><p>I think <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=virtvs%20avgg" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=virtvs%20avgg" rel="nofollow">VIRTVS AVGG</a> does occur with that early <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." rel="nofollow">obv.</a> <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=legend" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=legend" rel="nofollow">legend</a> of Valerian (IMP P LIC VALERIANO AVG), though very rarely and perhaps only as a <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=mule" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=mule" rel="nofollow">mule</a>. Göbl pl. 63, 795 illustrates such a coin, said to be in BM, though it is not in <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" rel="nofollow">his</a> <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=18&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=18&pos=0" rel="nofollow">catalogue</a>. <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" rel="nofollow">His</a> no. 795 as described, with second <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." rel="nofollow">obv.</a> <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=legend" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=legend" rel="nofollow">legend</a>, is accordingly not illustrated in <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" rel="nofollow">his</a> plates.</p><p> Isn't it astonishing that Valerian <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" rel="nofollow">had</a> access to die engravers of this <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1666" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1666" rel="nofollow">quality</a> during the first week or two of <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" rel="nofollow">his</a> reign, when he <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" rel="nofollow">had</a> not yet elevated <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" rel="nofollow">Gallienus</a> to be <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" rel="nofollow">his</a> co-emperor and <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" rel="nofollow">had</a> obviously not yet captured <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" rel="nofollow">Rome</a>, where in contrast <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" rel="nofollow">Gallienus</a> appears in the coinage from Valerian's very first issue on?</p><p> In my opinion there is only one possible explanation: these coins of Valerian are the continuation of the <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp%20c" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp%20c" rel="nofollow">IMP C</a> C issue of Gallus and <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=725" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=725" rel="nofollow">Volusian</a>, which accordingly must have been a branch <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> staffed with engravers from the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> of <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" rel="nofollow">Rome</a>, set up to finance Valerian's campaign in Raetia and <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=3129" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=3129" rel="nofollow">Germany</a>. When <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726" rel="nofollow">Aemilian</a> revolted and killed Gallus and <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=725" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=725" rel="nofollow">Volusian</a>, causing Valerian to proclaim himself emperor against <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726" rel="nofollow">Aemilian</a>, naturally Valerian <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" rel="nofollow">had</a> immediate access to the branch <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> that <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had" rel="nofollow">had</a> been set up to support <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" rel="nofollow">his</a> expedition!</p><p> That <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a>, then, can quite definitely not have been <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a>, which was the starting point of AEMILIAN'S revolt and was clearly <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=still" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=still" rel="nofollow">still</a> in Aemilian's <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=hands" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=hands" rel="nofollow">hands</a> when Valerian revolted in Raetia!</p><p> I ask myself, what moved <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=elmer" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=elmer" rel="nofollow">Elmer</a> to mislocate this <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> at <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a>, and why has this misattribution enjoyed such widespread acceptance for the past sixty years?</p><p><br /></p><p>Ed Flinn: I'll speculate that one reason for assigning the coins to <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a> was that <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" rel="nofollow">IMP</a> <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=p%20lic" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=p%20lic" rel="nofollow">P LIC</a> VALERIANO AVG is also seen on <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" rel="nofollow">provincials</a> from <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=2676" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=2676" rel="nofollow">Dacia</a> and from <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a>.</p><p><br /></p><p> <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=good" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=good" rel="nofollow">Good</a> suggestion, Ed! The <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a> bronzes are obviously related to the <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoniniani" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoniniani" rel="nofollow">antoniniani</a> of this series, with which they share three <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." rel="nofollow">obv.</a> legends, not only <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" rel="nofollow">IMP</a> <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=p%20lic" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=p%20lic" rel="nofollow">P LIC</a> VALERIANO AVG as on your two coins, but also <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" rel="nofollow">IMP</a> VALERIANVS P AVG and <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp" rel="nofollow">IMP</a> <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" rel="nofollow">GALLIENVS</a> P AVG, <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=amng" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=amng" rel="nofollow">AMNG</a> 188, 190, 193.</p><p> This could have no geographical meaning at all: <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a> simply copied these Raetian/Northern <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Numismatic%20Italian" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Numismatic%20Italian" rel="nofollow">Italian</a> <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoniniani" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoniniani" rel="nofollow">antoniniani</a> which may have circulated preferentially in all of the Danube provinces since their <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> was nearer than <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0" rel="nofollow">Rome</a>.</p><p> On the other hand, my argument that the <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoninianus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoninianus" rel="nofollow">antoninianus</a> <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> cannot originally have been at <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a> does not exclude the possibility that Valerian might have transferred it there after defeating <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726" rel="nofollow">Aemilian</a>!</p><p> However, we need firm proof for the location of this <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a>, not just an assertion or an unreliable deduction such as "The <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv." rel="nofollow">obv.</a> legends of the bronzes are the same, so the <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoninianus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoninianus" rel="nofollow">antoninianus</a> <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> must have been transferred there." Especially since <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=elmer" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=elmer" rel="nofollow">Elmer</a> based a major historical conclusion on the supposed location of this <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> at <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555" rel="nofollow">Viminacium</a>: that <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730" rel="nofollow">Gallienus</a> campaigned on the Danube for a couple of years before transferring both <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his" rel="nofollow">his</a> activities and the <a href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks" rel="nofollow">mint</a> to <a href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=978" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=978" rel="nofollow">Gaul</a> and the Rhine.</p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/Themes/ForumAncientCoins/images/icons/modify_inline.gif" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><img src="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/Themes/ForumAncientCoins/images/icons/modify_inline.gif" class="bbCodeImage wysiwygImage" alt="" unselectable="on" />[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="curtislclay, post: 7779942, member: 89514"]Were Göbl's "Viminacium" coins really struck at that mint? I raised doubts in two Forum posts of 2005: I think [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=virtvs%20avgg']VIRTVS AVGG[/URL] does occur with that early [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv.']obv.[/URL] [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=legend']legend[/URL] of Valerian (IMP P LIC VALERIANO AVG), though very rarely and perhaps only as a [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=mule']mule[/URL]. Göbl pl. 63, 795 illustrates such a coin, said to be in BM, though it is not in [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his']his[/URL] [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=18&pos=0']catalogue[/URL]. [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his']His[/URL] no. 795 as described, with second [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv.']obv.[/URL] [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=legend']legend[/URL], is accordingly not illustrated in [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his']his[/URL] plates. Isn't it astonishing that Valerian [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had']had[/URL] access to die engravers of this [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1666']quality[/URL] during the first week or two of [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his']his[/URL] reign, when he [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had']had[/URL] not yet elevated [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730']Gallienus[/URL] to be [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his']his[/URL] co-emperor and [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had']had[/URL] obviously not yet captured [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0']Rome[/URL], where in contrast [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730']Gallienus[/URL] appears in the coinage from Valerian's very first issue on? In my opinion there is only one possible explanation: these coins of Valerian are the continuation of the [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp%20c']IMP C[/URL] C issue of Gallus and [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=725']Volusian[/URL], which accordingly must have been a branch [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] staffed with engravers from the [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] of [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0']Rome[/URL], set up to finance Valerian's campaign in Raetia and [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=3129']Germany[/URL]. When [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726']Aemilian[/URL] revolted and killed Gallus and [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=725']Volusian[/URL], causing Valerian to proclaim himself emperor against [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726']Aemilian[/URL], naturally Valerian [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had']had[/URL] immediate access to the branch [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] that [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=had']had[/URL] been set up to support [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his']his[/URL] expedition! That [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL], then, can quite definitely not have been [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL], which was the starting point of AEMILIAN'S revolt and was clearly [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=still']still[/URL] in Aemilian's [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=hands']hands[/URL] when Valerian revolted in Raetia! I ask myself, what moved [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=elmer']Elmer[/URL] to mislocate this [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] at [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL], and why has this misattribution enjoyed such widespread acceptance for the past sixty years? Ed Flinn: I'll speculate that one reason for assigning the coins to [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL] was that [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp']IMP[/URL] [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=p%20lic']P LIC[/URL] VALERIANO AVG is also seen on [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0']provincials[/URL] from [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=2676']Dacia[/URL] and from [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL]. [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=good']Good[/URL] suggestion, Ed! The [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL] bronzes are obviously related to the [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoniniani']antoniniani[/URL] of this series, with which they share three [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv.']obv.[/URL] legends, not only [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp']IMP[/URL] [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=p%20lic']P LIC[/URL] VALERIANO AVG as on your two coins, but also [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp']IMP[/URL] VALERIANVS P AVG and [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=imp']IMP[/URL] [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730']GALLIENVS[/URL] P AVG, [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=amng']AMNG[/URL] 188, 190, 193. This could have no geographical meaning at all: [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL] simply copied these Raetian/Northern [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Numismatic%20Italian']Italian[/URL] [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoniniani']antoniniani[/URL] which may have circulated preferentially in all of the Danube provinces since their [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] was nearer than [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=55&pos=0']Rome[/URL]. On the other hand, my argument that the [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoninianus']antoninianus[/URL] [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] cannot originally have been at [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL] does not exclude the possibility that Valerian might have transferred it there after defeating [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=726']Aemilian[/URL]! However, we need firm proof for the location of this [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL], not just an assertion or an unreliable deduction such as "The [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=obv.']obv.[/URL] legends of the bronzes are the same, so the [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=antoninianus']antoninianus[/URL] [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] must have been transferred there." Especially since [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=elmer']Elmer[/URL] based a major historical conclusion on the supposed location of this [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] at [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1555']Viminacium[/URL]: that [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=730']Gallienus[/URL] campaigned on the Danube for a couple of years before transferring both [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=his']his[/URL] activities and the [URL='http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Mint%20Marks']mint[/URL] to [URL='https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=978']Gaul[/URL] and the Rhine. [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/Themes/ForumAncientCoins/images/icons/modify_inline.gif[/IMG] [IMG]https://www.forumancientcoins.com/board/Themes/ForumAncientCoins/images/icons/modify_inline.gif[/IMG][/QUOTE]
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An interesting twin issue of Valerian and Gallienus from Viminacium
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