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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;rrdenarius, post: 5376080, member: 75525&quot;][USER=114274]@Iepto[/USER]&nbsp; has a good link. My experience does not agree that most Roman coins have consistent die rotations.</p><p><br /></p><p>US coins are &quot;coin turn&quot; or the reverse and obverse are 180 degrees apart. That is one side points up and one down. Medal sides normally both point up, thus &quot;medal turn&quot;. </p><p><br /></p><p>Roman Republican coins were struck with one die fixed in an anvil and one die hand held. The orientation could vary unless the mint workers took care with alignment. Most of my RR coins have random die orientations. Roman Imperial coins had random die orientations until scissor shaped die holders produced consistent die rotations. (At least I think this is true for Roman Imperial coins. Someone more versed can correct me). </p><p>Cast RR coins had consistent die orientations. I think well over 90% of the cast coins I have seen (in hand or in pictures) are 12H. There are a few percent with 6H and even less with 3H. This is the first time I have seen most of the coins with 2H.</p><p>&nbsp;[ATTACH=full]1229814[/ATTACH] [ATTACH=full]1229815[/ATTACH]</p><p>The bottom two coins above have 12H die rotation. You can confirm that by the location of chips where coins were broken from their casting sprews. The top coin (a pig / pig quadrans) is the first coin I bought with a 6H die rotation. Before I bought the coin I checked with others who know more than me and they confirmed that some aes grave are not 12H. Note the 3 coins belong to the horse head series.</p><p>[ATTACH=full]1229816[/ATTACH] [ATTACH=full]1229817[/ATTACH]</p><p>This is one of the first aes grave I bought with a 3H die rotation.</p><p>[ATTACH=full]1229818[/ATTACH] [ATTACH=full]1229824[/ATTACH]</p><p>Some cast coins are difficult to tell die rotation. Some Roman anchors point up. This one points down. The barley grain on both sides of the coin in the top pictures has a pointed end up. Some barley grains are worn enough that there is no pointed end.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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