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<p>[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 7457573, member: 110350"]They're all great, but my favorite is the Emesa stone coin. I am envious!</p><p><br /></p><p>Out of all my Roman Republican coins, I don't have a single one showing a quadriga -- the result of a deliberate and stubborn contrariness on my part. But here's a triga instead, of horses, not coins:</p><p><br /></p><p>Roman Republic, C. Naevius Balbus, AR Serrate Denarius, 79 BCE, Rome Mint. Obv. Head of Venus [or Juno<i>, see BMCRR p. 366</i>] right, wearing diadem, necklace and long earring, hair long, S • C [<i>Senatus Consulto</i>] behind / Rev. Victory, naked to waist, driving triga right, with rightmost horse turning head back towards the others; control-number CLIII <i>(= 153, with L in form of upside-down T</i>); in exergue, C•NAE•BALB [<i>AE and LB ligate</i>]. Crawford 382/1b, RSC I Naevia 6 (ill.), Sydenham 760b, Sear RCV I 309 (ill.), Grueber, BMCRR 2926-2976 (this control-number at BMCRR 2964), RRM I Ch. 6 at pp. 28-31 [Michael Harlan, <i>Roman Republican Moneyers and their Coins</i>, 81 BCE-64 BCE (2012)]. 19 mm., 3.92 g.*</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1292535[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>* [First two paragraphs of footnote omitted.] Sear . . . notes at p. 130 of RCV I that the three-horse chariot (triga) depicted on the reverse “is rarely depicted on the Republican coinage, the only other example being on a denarius of Ap. Claudius Pulcher issued in 111/110 BC” (Crawford 299/1a). Harlan states at p. 31 that the triga’s current use in Rome in the first century BCE, at a time when it was no longer used by the Greeks, “was only found in the celebration of the <i>Ludi Romani</i>, a religious and ceremonial survival of the games originally held by the dictator Aulus Postumius to commemorate [his] victory [over the Latins] at Lake Regillus” in the 490s BCE (famously aided by Castor and Pollux). As the Roman practice in these games is described by Dionysius of Halicarnassus (7.73.2), the “third horse, joined to the team by a trace, runs alongside the two horses yoked together in the usual way” -- explaining why the third horse on the reverse looks back at the other two. According to Harlan, “Naevius’ imagery is intended to recall that ancient victory which established Roman <i>imperium</i>, echoing the <i>caput rerum</i> theme found on the coinage of Aulus Postumius Albinus [Crawford 372/1]. Victory driving the three-horse chariot shows that all efforts to dispute Roman rule were fated to end in Roman victory.”</p><p><br /></p><p>In fact, out of my overall total of approximately 260 ancient coins, this and one other Probus are my only ones with quadrigas:</p><p><br /></p><p>Probus, silvered billon Antoninianus, 278-280 AD, Rome Mint [4th Emission, 2nd Officina]. Obv. Radiate bust left in imperial mantle, holding eagle-tipped scepter, IMP PRO-BVS AVG / Rev. Sol in quadriga leaping left, with right hand raised and holding globe and whip in left hand, SO-L-I INVIC-TO; in exergue, R- ᴗ [crescent]-B [Rome Mint, Officina 2]. RIC V-2 202B, Sear RCV III 12038, Cohen 644, see also <a href="https://www.probuscoins.fr/coin?id=11" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.probuscoins.fr/coin?id=11" rel="nofollow">https://www.probuscoins.fr/coin?id=11</a>.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1292538[/ATTACH][/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="DonnaML, post: 7457573, member: 110350"]They're all great, but my favorite is the Emesa stone coin. I am envious! Out of all my Roman Republican coins, I don't have a single one showing a quadriga -- the result of a deliberate and stubborn contrariness on my part. But here's a triga instead, of horses, not coins: Roman Republic, C. Naevius Balbus, AR Serrate Denarius, 79 BCE, Rome Mint. Obv. Head of Venus [or Juno[I], see BMCRR p. 366[/I]] right, wearing diadem, necklace and long earring, hair long, S • C [[I]Senatus Consulto[/I]] behind / Rev. Victory, naked to waist, driving triga right, with rightmost horse turning head back towards the others; control-number CLIII [I](= 153, with L in form of upside-down T[/I]); in exergue, C•NAE•BALB [[I]AE and LB ligate[/I]]. Crawford 382/1b, RSC I Naevia 6 (ill.), Sydenham 760b, Sear RCV I 309 (ill.), Grueber, BMCRR 2926-2976 (this control-number at BMCRR 2964), RRM I Ch. 6 at pp. 28-31 [Michael Harlan, [I]Roman Republican Moneyers and their Coins[/I], 81 BCE-64 BCE (2012)]. 19 mm., 3.92 g.* [ATTACH=full]1292535[/ATTACH] * [First two paragraphs of footnote omitted.] Sear . . . notes at p. 130 of RCV I that the three-horse chariot (triga) depicted on the reverse “is rarely depicted on the Republican coinage, the only other example being on a denarius of Ap. Claudius Pulcher issued in 111/110 BC” (Crawford 299/1a). Harlan states at p. 31 that the triga’s current use in Rome in the first century BCE, at a time when it was no longer used by the Greeks, “was only found in the celebration of the [I]Ludi Romani[/I], a religious and ceremonial survival of the games originally held by the dictator Aulus Postumius to commemorate [his] victory [over the Latins] at Lake Regillus” in the 490s BCE (famously aided by Castor and Pollux). As the Roman practice in these games is described by Dionysius of Halicarnassus (7.73.2), the “third horse, joined to the team by a trace, runs alongside the two horses yoked together in the usual way” -- explaining why the third horse on the reverse looks back at the other two. According to Harlan, “Naevius’ imagery is intended to recall that ancient victory which established Roman [I]imperium[/I], echoing the [I]caput rerum[/I] theme found on the coinage of Aulus Postumius Albinus [Crawford 372/1]. Victory driving the three-horse chariot shows that all efforts to dispute Roman rule were fated to end in Roman victory.” In fact, out of my overall total of approximately 260 ancient coins, this and one other Probus are my only ones with quadrigas: Probus, silvered billon Antoninianus, 278-280 AD, Rome Mint [4th Emission, 2nd Officina]. Obv. Radiate bust left in imperial mantle, holding eagle-tipped scepter, IMP PRO-BVS AVG / Rev. Sol in quadriga leaping left, with right hand raised and holding globe and whip in left hand, SO-L-I INVIC-TO; in exergue, R- ᴗ [crescent]-B [Rome Mint, Officina 2]. RIC V-2 202B, Sear RCV III 12038, Cohen 644, see also [URL]https://www.probuscoins.fr/coin?id=11[/URL]. [ATTACH=full]1292538[/ATTACH][/QUOTE]
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