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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;robinjojo, post: 7999553, member: 110226&quot;]Thank you both for the information.</p><p><br /></p><p>According to Wikipedia Caliph Abd al-Malik, in 695 AD, broke away from using Christian symbols on his coins when Justinian II minted gold coins with Christ&#039;s portrait on them.&nbsp; </p><p><br /></p><p>Here&#039;s an excerpt from the article:&nbsp; </p><p><br /></p><p><i>&quot;The rise of Islam in the seventh century had also caused some consideration of the use of holy images. Early Islamic belief stressed the impropriety of iconic representation. Earlier scholarship tried to link Byzantine Iconoclasm directly to Islam by arguing that Byzantine emperors saw the success of the early Caliphate and decided that Byzantine use of images (as opposed to Islamic aniconism) had angered God. This does not seem entirely plausible however. The use of images had probably been increasing in the years leading up to the outbreak of iconoclasm.[8] One notable change came in 695, when Justinian II put a full-faced image of Christ on the obverse of his gold coins. The effect on iconoclast opinion is unknown, but the change certainly caused Caliph Abd al-Malik to break permanently with his previous adoption of Byzantine coin types to start a purely Islamic coinage with lettering only.[9] This appears more like two opposed camps asserting their positions (pro and anti images) than one empire seeking to imitate the other. More striking is the fact that Islamic iconoclasm rejected any depictions of living people or animals, not only religious images. By contrast, Byzantine iconomachy concerned itself only with the question of the holy presence (or lack thereof) of images. Thus, although the rise of Islam may have created an environment in which images were at the forefront of intellectual question and debate, Islamic iconoclasm does not seem to have had a direct causal role in the development of the Byzantine image debate, in fact Muslim territories became havens for iconophile refugees.[10] However, it has been argued that Leo III, because of his Syrian background, could have been influenced by Islamic beliefs and practises, which could have inspired his first removal of images.[11]&quot;</i></p><p>(Courtesy of Wikipedia)</p><p><br /></p><p>Here&#039;s the link:</p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm" rel="nofollow">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm</a></p><p><br /></p><p>This is an AE fals, Amman, of Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, AH 73-78 (693-697).&nbsp; </p><p><br /></p><p>All Christian symbols at this point have been removed.&nbsp; The reverse, which would normally have a cross at the top of the steps on a Byzantine coin, has been replaced with a crescent shape symbol or character.</p><p><br /></p><p>2.7 grams</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]1387801[/ATTACH][/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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