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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;Curtis, post: 24647408, member: 26430&quot;]Ah, yes, good point about the middle figure. There is a second figure standing behind the trophy (on the Hadrians and the Trajan on the right), who is a traditional standing &quot;bound captive.&quot; (On the left two closeups of the Trajan coins, the supplicating personification is the only figure.)</p><p><br /></p><p>They are also often described as &quot;captive,&quot; but you&#039;re right, those kneeling personifications are a different kind of character. Probably best to use &quot;captive&quot; for the bound ones in most cases (though there is middle ground, e.g., &quot;Judaea Capta&quot;).</p><p><br /></p><p>Sometimes you do see the personification on the same coin as the captive (like the Hadrians). Here, they have the same headwear as the standing bound captive, so they can be read as kneeling in submission to the Empire, and submitting to the taking of captives. I&#039;m fairly confident this one is meant to be Armenia (odd that they sometimes showed bound Armenian captives, as Armenia was putatively a &quot;friend,&quot; but the standing bound figure appears to be wearing the Armenian headwear, not Parthian). (A variant on <a href="https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=11123774" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=11123774" rel="nofollow">the Judaea Capta design with a standing captive and Judaea seated in mourning</a> -- not kneeling in supplication.)</p><p><br /></p><p>(On Roman Republican coinage, too, you often see the kneeling kings described as &quot;captives,&quot; but I&#039;ve always thought that was a slightly different kind of image. Also: There are <a href="https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=11123773" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=11123773" rel="nofollow">kneeling bound captives</a> -- on one knee, but the general point stands. And you often do see the <a href="https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=7452251" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.acsearch.info/search.html?id=7452251" rel="nofollow">bound captives looking back and upward either at the emperor</a> [there, along with the supplicants], Victory, or the Emperor&#039;s standard. The upward gaze isn&#039;t universal, but it seems to have been a meaningful signal of submission to the Romans.)[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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