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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;seth77, post: 3596778, member: 56653&quot;]The Hoard of Gisors was discovered in 1970 (Michel Amandry - Tresors Monetaires XXV). It appears to have been deposited after 1244 and comprises 11375 coins, both royal and baronial issues that were in circulation at least until the early 1240s. From these, about 100+ were of this rare type minted by Robert II at his fief Chateau Dreux. This singular Dreux coinage was minted during an early attempt at monetary regulation by Philippe II Augustus, starting as early as 1191.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]962039[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p>Robert II as Count of Dreux 1184-1218</p><p><br /></p><p>AR21mm, 0.65g, billon denier parisis, Chateau de Dreux mint, cca. 1191-1200</p><p>X MI. ROBERTVS; A CO / MES in field in 2 lines</p><p>+ DRVCAS CASTA; cross with A in 1st and 4th quarters.</p><p>Boudeau 4, Poey d&#039;Avant #91</p><p><br /></p><p>Robert II de Dreux was the son of Robert de France, the founder of the Capetian House of Dreux, who received the realm as an appanage from his father, King Louis VI of France in 1152. The county had been an independent fief before, during the late 10th and first quarter of the 11th century (see <a href="https://www.cointalk.com/threads/the-beginning-of-feudalism-in-france-seigneurie-de-nogent-le-roi.340754/" class="internalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://www.cointalk.com/threads/the-beginning-of-feudalism-in-france-seigneurie-de-nogent-le-roi.340754/">here</a> for the early 11th century coinage of Nogent-le-Roi), but it was confiscated by King Robert II in 1021/1023 as a result of an inheritance conflict between Richard II of Normandy and Eudes II de Blois and reattached to the Royal domain. With Robert de France, in 1152 began the second foundation of the County of Dreux and the Dreux lineage of the Capetian family.</p><p><br /></p><p>The deniers of Dreux minted under Robert&#039;s authority were, like those minted in Boulogne, Saint Quentin or Abbeville, imitations of the royal <i>parisis</i> minted by Philip II. These coinages were part of an attempt to unify the monetary system of the Kingdom of France and the feudal fiefs in the North and North-East in the late 12th and early 13th century. After 1204, the <i>parisis</i> circulated alongside the royal <i>denier tournois</i>, the other royal coinage of Philippe II, turned from local to royal during the conflicts between Philippe and John Lackland.</p><p><br /></p><p>In &quot;Money and Its Use in Medieval Europe&quot; (p. 199) Peter Spufford&nbsp; considers these <i>parisii</i> to have been minted either by Robert II or Robert III de Dreux (1218-1234) or by both of them as an immobilized type. By their rarity, this seems unlikely.</p><p><br /></p><p>Also judging by the intense wear of this particular specimen, it seems to have been in circulation for a very long time before being hoarded around 1244, which usually indicates an earlier issue, very likely under Robert II.</p><p><br /></p><p>Coins from the Hoard of Gisors have been offered and collected for around 40 years, but not so much the coins of Robert II de Dreux.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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