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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;+VGO.DVCKS, post: 7621767, member: 110504&quot;]Wow, this is All Great and Cool Stuff!!!&nbsp; I can here Ancient-qua-Ancient folks saying, &#039;We&#039;re not in Kansas anymore.&#039;</p><p>Here&#039;s what I can do, for this minute.&nbsp; Mostly reiterative, but this is the right place to put it in one place.</p><p>These imitative dirhams get equal time in references for crusader coins.&nbsp; Along with Album, you might want to look at</p><p>Malloy, Coins of the Crusader States.&nbsp; (1994.&nbsp; There&#039;s a second edition, which [USER=87080]@TheRed[/USER] kindly alerted me to.)&nbsp; There&#039;s a whole section on &quot;Imitative Silver Dirhams,&quot; pp. 129-40 (in the 1st edition).&nbsp; The first edition draws heavily from, and routinely cites</p><p>Metcalf, Coinage of the Crusades and the Latin East in the Ashmolean Museum Oxford.&nbsp; 2nd ed., 1995.&nbsp; (Found a copy of this, Once, via interlibrary loan, and xeroxed the (mild expl. of choice) out of it.&nbsp; The library it was from never let me borrow it again.)</p><p>Balog, The Coinage of the Ayyubids, 1980.&nbsp; Augmented by this, available for free download on Album&#039;s website:&nbsp; (With thanks again to [USER=87271]@AnYangMan[/USER] for referring me to Album&#039;s free download of the 3rd ed. of his Checklist<img src="styles/default/xenforo/clear.png" class="mceSmilieSprite mceSmilie1" alt=":)" unselectable="on" unselectable="on" /></p><p><a href="http://db.stevealbum.com/php/articles.php" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://db.stevealbum.com/php/articles.php" rel="nofollow">http://db.stevealbum.com/php/articles.php</a></p><p><br /></p><p>One cool thing about the imitative dirhams is that, according to long-held consensus, they can be attributed as such because they all continue the Islamic tradition of being dated by year ...posthumously to the ostensible ruler.</p><p>Here are the ones I can find pics of.&nbsp; The first was dated, by the seller, to 1217 CE.</p><p>[ATTACH=full]1311618[/ATTACH]</p><p>[ATTACH=full]1311619[/ATTACH]</p><p>[ATTACH=full]1311620[/ATTACH]</p><p>...With thanks to [USER=115171]@Hrefn[/USER] for his impressive assemblage, another cool thing is that there&#039;s an unbroken line of evolutionary succession from Ayyubid dirhams to European and Crusader grossi.&nbsp; This happens both, and variously, in terms of the etymology and the module.&nbsp; First, to wallow in the obvious, the &#039;dirham&#039; comes from the Classical Greek &#039;drachm,&#039; whose module is loosely imitated by the Ayyubid ones.&nbsp; Along with Cilician Armenian trams, and Venetian grossi (sic), both from the early 13th c.&nbsp; (If the Byzantine trachy --very diferent composition and module-- doesn&#039;t follow the same etymological trajectory, I&#039;ll be very surprised!&nbsp; Betting someone like [USER=118358]@The Trachy Enjoyer[/USER] could help out here.)</p><p>...But in Europe, the Venetian grosso is the prototype of the French gros tournois, on a much broader flan, imitated as such by issues in the Crusader States and Naples.&nbsp; Including, thank you, the English groat, along with the grossi of Cyprus.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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