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30 years after finding this metal detecting I know what it is.
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<p>[QUOTE="bcuda, post: 3723446, member: 105389"]I found lots of ancient coins while in Spain for 5 years over 30 some years ago. Quite a few of them I sold when I fell on hard times and some I still have. This one in particular has always been in my junk coin pile and I have always wondered about it but could never figure it out.</p><p><br /></p><p>[ATTACH=full]998140[/ATTACH]</p><p>[ATTACH=full]998141[/ATTACH]</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Well today I finally figured out what it is and am very pleased.</p><p><br /></p><p> Ancient Judaea,</p><p> Valerius Gratus - Roman</p><p> Prefect under Tiberius</p><p> 15-26 AD, AE prutah.</p><p> Obv: IOYLIA, Vine leaf and</p><p> small bunch of grapes</p><p> Rev: Narrow-necked amphora with</p><p> scroll handles, date L-D across</p><p> fields. Meshorer 326;</p><p> Hendin 643; RPC I 4963.</p><p><br /></p><p>Valerius Gratus is the Roman Prefect to The Roman Province of <b>Judea</b> from 15-26 AD. The following Roman Prefect after Him was Pontius Pilate 26–36 AD, this was during the persecution and death of Jesus Christ.</p><p><br /></p><p>Judea was turned into a Roman province, during which time the Roman procurator was given authority to punish by execution. The general population also began to be taxed by Rome. The province of Judea was the scene of unrest at its founding in 6 AD during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Census_of_Quirinius" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Census_of_Quirinius" rel="nofollow">Census of Quirinius</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" rel="nofollow">Crucifixion of Jesus</a> circa 30-33 AD, and several wars, known as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars" rel="nofollow">Jewish–Roman wars</a>, were fought in its history. The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Temple" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Temple" rel="nofollow">Second Temple</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem" rel="nofollow">Jerusalem</a> was <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(70_CE)" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(70_CE)" rel="nofollow">destroyed</a> by the Romans in 70 AD as part of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War" rel="nofollow">First Jewish–Roman War</a>, resulting in the institution of the <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscus_Judaicus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscus_Judaicus" rel="nofollow">Fiscus Judaicus</a></i>, and after the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_revolt" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_revolt" rel="nofollow">Bar Kokhba revolt</a> (132–135), the Roman Emperor <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian#Hadrian_in_Judea" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian#Hadrian_in_Judea" rel="nofollow">Hadrian</a> changed the name of the province to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_Palaestina" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_Palaestina" rel="nofollow">Syria Palaestina</a> and Jerusalem to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aelia_Capitolina" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aelia_Capitolina" rel="nofollow">Aelia Capitolina</a>, which certain scholars conclude was an attempt to remove the relationship of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_people" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_people" rel="nofollow">Jewish people</a> to the region.</p><p><br /></p><p>The first intervention of Rome in the region dates from 63 BC, following the end of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Mithridatic_War" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Mithridatic_War" rel="nofollow">Third Mithridatic War</a>, when Rome made a province of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_(Roman_province)" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_(Roman_province)" rel="nofollow">Syria</a>. After the defeat of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithridates_VI_of_Pontus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithridates_VI_of_Pontus" rel="nofollow">Mithridates VI of Pontus</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pompey" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pompey" rel="nofollow">Pompey</a> (Pompey the Great) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(63_BC)" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(63_BC)" rel="nofollow">sacked Jerusalem</a> and established Hasmonean prince <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyrcanus_II" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyrcanus_II" rel="nofollow">Hyrcanus II</a> as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnarch" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnarch" rel="nofollow">Ethnarch</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen_Gadol" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen_Gadol" rel="nofollow">High Priest</a>, but he was denied the title of King. A later appointment by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar" rel="nofollow">Julius Caesar</a> was <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipater_the_Idumaean" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipater_the_Idumaean" rel="nofollow">Antipater the Idumaean</a>, also known as Antipas, as the first <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procurator_(Ancient_Rome)" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procurator_(Ancient_Rome)" rel="nofollow">Roman Procurator</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_the_Great" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_the_Great" rel="nofollow">Herod the Great</a>, Antipater's son, was designated "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodian_Dynasty" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodian_Dynasty" rel="nofollow">King of the Jews</a>" by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Senate" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Senate" rel="nofollow">Roman Senate</a> in 40 BC but he did not gain military control until 37 BC. During his reign the last representatives of the Hasmoneans were eliminated, and the great port of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima" rel="nofollow">Caesarea Maritima</a> was built.</p><p><br /></p><p>He died in 4 BC, and his kingdom was divided among three of his sons, two of whom (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Tetrarch" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Tetrarch" rel="nofollow">Philip</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Antipas" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Antipas" rel="nofollow">Herod Antipas</a>) becoming <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrarchy_(Judea)" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrarchy_(Judea)" rel="nofollow">tetrarchs</a> ("rulers of a quarter part"), and one of whom (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Archelaus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Archelaus" rel="nofollow">Archelaus</a>) becoming an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnarch" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnarch" rel="nofollow">ethnarch</a> who ruled over half of his father's kingdom. One of these principalities was Judea, corresponding to the territory of the historic Judea, plus Samaria and Idumea. Herod's son <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Archelaus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Archelaus" rel="nofollow">Archelaus</a> ruled Judea so badly that he was dismissed in 6 AD by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_emperor" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_emperor" rel="nofollow">Roman emperor</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus" rel="nofollow">Augustus</a>, after an appeal from his own population. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Antipas" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Antipas" rel="nofollow">Herod Antipas</a>, ruled as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrarchy_(Judea)" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrarchy_(Judea)" rel="nofollow">tetrarch</a> of Galilee and Perea from 4 BC to 39 AD, being then dismissed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caligula" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caligula" rel="nofollow">Caligula</a>.[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>
[QUOTE="bcuda, post: 3723446, member: 105389"]I found lots of ancient coins while in Spain for 5 years over 30 some years ago. Quite a few of them I sold when I fell on hard times and some I still have. This one in particular has always been in my junk coin pile and I have always wondered about it but could never figure it out. [ATTACH=full]998140[/ATTACH] [ATTACH=full]998141[/ATTACH] Well today I finally figured out what it is and am very pleased. Ancient Judaea, Valerius Gratus - Roman Prefect under Tiberius 15-26 AD, AE prutah. Obv: IOYLIA, Vine leaf and small bunch of grapes Rev: Narrow-necked amphora with scroll handles, date L-D across fields. Meshorer 326; Hendin 643; RPC I 4963. Valerius Gratus is the Roman Prefect to The Roman Province of [B]Judea[/B] from 15-26 AD. The following Roman Prefect after Him was Pontius Pilate 26–36 AD, this was during the persecution and death of Jesus Christ. Judea was turned into a Roman province, during which time the Roman procurator was given authority to punish by execution. The general population also began to be taxed by Rome. The province of Judea was the scene of unrest at its founding in 6 AD during the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Census_of_Quirinius']Census of Quirinius[/URL], the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus']Crucifixion of Jesus[/URL] circa 30-33 AD, and several wars, known as the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars']Jewish–Roman wars[/URL], were fought in its history. The [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Temple']Second Temple[/URL] of [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem']Jerusalem[/URL] was [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(70_CE)']destroyed[/URL] by the Romans in 70 AD as part of the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War']First Jewish–Roman War[/URL], resulting in the institution of the [I][URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscus_Judaicus']Fiscus Judaicus[/URL][/I], and after the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_revolt']Bar Kokhba revolt[/URL] (132–135), the Roman Emperor [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian#Hadrian_in_Judea']Hadrian[/URL] changed the name of the province to [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_Palaestina']Syria Palaestina[/URL] and Jerusalem to [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aelia_Capitolina']Aelia Capitolina[/URL], which certain scholars conclude was an attempt to remove the relationship of the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_people']Jewish people[/URL] to the region. The first intervention of Rome in the region dates from 63 BC, following the end of the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Mithridatic_War']Third Mithridatic War[/URL], when Rome made a province of [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_(Roman_province)']Syria[/URL]. After the defeat of [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithridates_VI_of_Pontus']Mithridates VI of Pontus[/URL], [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pompey']Pompey[/URL] (Pompey the Great) [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(63_BC)']sacked Jerusalem[/URL] and established Hasmonean prince [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyrcanus_II']Hyrcanus II[/URL] as [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnarch']Ethnarch[/URL] and [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohen_Gadol']High Priest[/URL], but he was denied the title of King. A later appointment by [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar']Julius Caesar[/URL] was [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipater_the_Idumaean']Antipater the Idumaean[/URL], also known as Antipas, as the first [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procurator_(Ancient_Rome)']Roman Procurator[/URL]. [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_the_Great']Herod the Great[/URL], Antipater's son, was designated "[URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodian_Dynasty']King of the Jews[/URL]" by the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Senate']Roman Senate[/URL] in 40 BC but he did not gain military control until 37 BC. During his reign the last representatives of the Hasmoneans were eliminated, and the great port of [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima']Caesarea Maritima[/URL] was built. He died in 4 BC, and his kingdom was divided among three of his sons, two of whom ([URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_the_Tetrarch']Philip[/URL] and [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Antipas']Herod Antipas[/URL]) becoming [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrarchy_(Judea)']tetrarchs[/URL] ("rulers of a quarter part"), and one of whom ([URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Archelaus']Archelaus[/URL]) becoming an [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnarch']ethnarch[/URL] who ruled over half of his father's kingdom. One of these principalities was Judea, corresponding to the territory of the historic Judea, plus Samaria and Idumea. Herod's son [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Archelaus']Archelaus[/URL] ruled Judea so badly that he was dismissed in 6 AD by the [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_emperor']Roman emperor[/URL] [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus']Augustus[/URL], after an appeal from his own population. [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Antipas']Herod Antipas[/URL], ruled as [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrarchy_(Judea)']tetrarch[/URL] of Galilee and Perea from 4 BC to 39 AD, being then dismissed by [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caligula']Caligula[/URL].[/QUOTE]
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