ok so at first site you see diferent colors but not like its losing color because on front ints a ring on back around specific letters, i also pointed out just a few things i saw odd,
I think your coin was plated at one time, but has since lost most of it's plating, It only shows around the design details. There is a VDB below Abe's shoulder. All cents since 1918 have them.
The ring on the obverse looks like PMD. It cuts through both the letters and field. Also it chance it could be from die deterioration but it looks like scratches to me. The "random numbers and letters and [I'll edit this out for now, but I'm sure the mods will be taking care of it]" are just marks and dings from 79 years of circulation
Yeah, I believe what you identify as "numbers and letters" (your 3rd pic) are the VDB which @alurid mentioned in his reply (#2 above). If you rotate the cent 180 & read from the bottom on Abe's shoulder, you should see V D B.
If you haven't already done so, go to doubleddie.com, John Wexler's website, and read the section about "How dies are made". It will help you learn that the damage you find could not have happened at the mint and therefore cannot be mint errors. This advice is handed out frequently here on CT, mostly for new member's benefit. The double rim is a strike error and happens frequently every year, every denomination. And, except for the upside down designer's initials (already explained), the extra numbers and letters you see are a combination of wear, PMD and paredolia...Spark
