You've seen the Mark coinage of the German Free States associated with Hesse, a Grand Duchy formed in 1806 after the break-up of the Holy Roman Empire. Hesse remained a Grand Duchy through its membership in the: German Confederation (1806-1870) German Empire (1871-1918) The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt can trace its lineage back to 1567 as a state of the Holy Roman Empire. Why did I tell you this? Darmstadt is the next pre Empire German State in our quest of seeing some of the Thaler coinage authorized by those 1,800 pre Empire German States. If you want to know the location of Darmstadt on a map of Germany, just click the following link (Scroll to second image on right side of screen): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darmstadt The minor Thaler coinage of Hesse-Darnstadt (ger. Hessen-Darmstadt) includes: Fractional and whole Stuber Fractional, whole and multiple Kreuzer Fractional and whole Groschen (3 Kreuzer = 1 Groschen Pfennig (1 Pfennig = 1 Heller) Heller (1 Heller = 1 Pfennig) Fractional Gulden (In 1855 1/2 Gulden = 2/3 Thaler) Whole Gulden (1 Gulden = 2/3 Thaler 1837-1854) Multiple Gulden (3 Gulden = 1 Thaler) (from 1839 3 1/2 Gulden = 2 Thaler) MINOR THALER COINS: 1805 1/2 Stuber (worldcoingallery photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine_cs.php?image=nmc7/73-hd259&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm2591/2Stuber(1805)&src=NicolasDupont&query=Hesse-Darmstadt 1682 1 Kreuzer (durmez-numismatique.com image: http://www.dumez-numismatique.com/article.asp?langue=fr&article=793 1717 10 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=933224&AucID=692&Lot=1742&Val=60ebfe4b7a74be9cd492653efecc315b 1759 4 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1017301&AucID=938&Lot=1621&Val=2c5351eb48b38a187c92fca287f925f3 1807 5 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=933236&AucID=692&Lot=1754&Val=57510a3dd653bf5af410583b1cc5fc67 1833 3 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/results.php?search=Darmstadt+Kreuzer&s=0&results=100 1837 Kreuzer (worldcoingallery.com photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine.php?image=nmc2/73-hd299&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm2991Kreuzer(1834-1838)&query=HesseDarmstadtKreuzer 1839 Kreuzer (worldcoingallery photo: http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine.php?image=nmc2/73-hd303&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm3031Kreuzer(1837-1842)&query=HesseDarmstadtKreuzer 1845 Kreuzer (worldcoingallery photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine.php?image=nmc2/73-hd316&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm3161Kreuzer(1843-1847)&query=HesseDarmstadtKreuzer 1867 1 Kreuzer (worldcoingallery photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine.php?image=nmc2/73-hd339&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm3391Kreuzer(1858-1872)&query=HesseDarmstadtKreuzer 1827 6 Kreuzer (worldcoingallery photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine.php?image=nmc2/73-hd290&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm2906Kreuzer(1821-1833)&query=HesseDarmstadtKreuzer 1848 6 Kreuzer (worldcoingallery.com photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine_cs.php?image=nmc9/73-hd326&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm3266Kreuzer(1848-1856)&src=MikeC.&query=Darmstadt 1808 5 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986175&AucID=916&Lot=3113&Val=681cc05ac55f498f0677c35d5c566a4d 1808 20 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1017330&AucID=938&Lot=1650&Val=48ba1e79cc6b79c34ae56afa264b3ae9 1809 1 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986178&AucID=916&Lot=3116&Val=3e46c4ac6691dfe9054ceed737023078 1809 20 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986177&AucID=916&Lot=3115&Val=55930ce6340754e5947e16febefc1138 1833 3 Kreuzer (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986181&AucID=916&Lot=3119&Val=a2c24ac9206ffd3b0421d3f680a334c7 1819 Pfennig (worldcoingallery.com photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine_cs.php?image=nmc7/73-hd280&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm2801Pfennig(Heller)(1811-1819)&src=NicolasDupont&query=Hesse-Darmstadt 1849 Heller (worldcoingallery.com photo): http://worldcoingallery.com/countries/coine_cs.php?image=nmc7/73-hd323&desc=Hesse-Darmstadtkm3231Heller(Pfennig)(1848-1855)&src=NicolasDupont&query=Hesse-Darmstadt This next coin is a commemorative 3 1/2 Gulden which equals 2 Thaler (Dopplethaler) A coinarchives.com image: 1837 3 1/2 Gulden (Dopplethaler): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1008436&AucID=932&Lot=1844&Val=79c9bdca5c7d447bfe27e2cc6b80c929 1838 1/2 Gulden (coinarchives.com omage): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986183&AucID=916&Lot=3121&Val=1c8cba455ff7ac619cc1c5133d408cee 1838 1 Gulden (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986182&AucID=916&Lot=3120&Val=f01a73f0ee1782f0e023da20061418bd 1839 1 Gulden (coinarchives.coim photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986184&AucID=916&Lot=3122&Val=c0dc1e3a06ce987a0e5b11ec835c117d 1843 1 Gulden (coinarchives image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986191&AucID=916&Lot=3129&Val=c89f2bcadb6f5a34f49258932bcd04c0 1848 1 Gulden (coionarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986193&AucID=916&Lot=3131&Val=ec0434c7d3e48277916390cd93656e5b 1854 Dopplegulden (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1017336&AucID=938&Lot=1656&Val=410864b3a33294ac0151e9e5e4ab0515 1855 Dopplegulden (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=982817&AucID=915&Lot=2138&Val=a63807189f2a339662b164e68e51282f 1856 1 Gulden (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=953074&AucID=707&Lot=4422&Val=9b28416f44730b0e68f7ff71040d8314 THALER COINS: 1618 1/4 Reichsthaler (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=998114&AucID=926&Lot=937&Val=677a6aa1054db67a51077dc95295daa1 1623 Reichsthaler )coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986173&AucID=916&Lot=3111&Val=d4a32c7efc4e2194d78bcb8d358f67fc 1758 1/6 Thaler (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1017300&AucID=938&Lot=1620&Val=1ff56300a6c75e0217e2382471fb5fe9 1744 1/4 Reichsthaler Commemorsative (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1007721&AucID=932&Lot=1091&Val=18e170d3b2cdaa3ffa2c9fc62b747ff2 1751 1/2 Schautaller (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1012094&AucID=933&Lot=1633&Val=0bc2e8cca92734d99cf21e8f4c3b1867 1772 Konventionsthaler (coinarchives.com photo) http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=998115&AucID=926&Lot=938&Val=e5284c29d1d2f17de930fa418fe7ff15 1809 Konventionsthaler (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1017331&AucID=938&Lot=1651&Val=f118a4f96fa707346d1f8336c50d874e 1819 Kronenthaler (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1017333&AucID=938&Lot=1653&Val=c508ffe887c93acf5638627e4c27ff5e 1825 Kronenthaler (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=1017334&AucID=938&Lot=1654&Val=bea02c24e4c5df5e49e76e0334be7ca2 1833 Kronenthaler (coinarchives.com image): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986180&AucID=916&Lot=3118&Val=9fe67d3fce13d005a10f83e67f1c8874 1840 Vereinsthaler (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=986185&AucID=916&Lot=3123&Val=ae9e3434c1a227f136ab33d86de63fb7 1844 Vereinsdopplethaler (coinarchives.com photo): http://www.coinarchives.com/w/lotviewer.php?LotID=998116&AucID=926&Lot=939&Val=1b357d565aae62f95702d19d576a66e1 On to Part 2 Clinker
