Here is a coin of Mohammad bin Tughluq - a ruler who was described this way by a contemporary : "Sultan Muhammad planned in his own breast three or four projects by which the whole of the habitable world was to be brought under the rule of his servants, but he never talked over these projects with any of his councilors and friends. Whatever he conceived he considered to be good, but in promulgating and enforcing his schemes he lost his hold upon the territories possessed, disgusted his people, and emptied his treasury." - Ziauddin Barani, "Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi" The watercolor is a detail from a 19th century image of Muhammad bin Tughluq's court. The sultan seated in the middle. (Source: Public Domain image) More on this coin and other coins from the Tughluq dynasty can be found in my notes: Post your coins of the Tughluq dynasty (or anything else you find interesting or entertaining).
Very nice. The Turks controlled a lot of territories in that era. Here is a coin that you gifted me @Sulla80 a while back. An earlier dynasty Islamic AE Fals 21mm, 4.06g Seljuqs of Rum, Kaykhusraw II b. Kayqubad. 1236-1245, Attribution ref: Album #1220 Left image, the Kalima reads; "there is no god but / Allah; Muhammad / is the apostle of Allah" Right image reads; "the sultan the very great / Kaykhusraw / bin Kayqubad" Ghiyath al-Din Kaykhusraw ibn Kayqubād or Kaykhusraw II was the sultan of the Seljuqs of Rûm from 1237 until his death in 1246. He ruled at the time of the Babai uprising and the Mongol invasion of Anatolia. He led the Seljuq army with its Christian allies at the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243.
Here is an example of Muhammad bin Tughluq's ill fated "forced token currency" - backed by precious metal held in the treasury. Widespread counterfeiting and a lack of confidence in the token currency led to economic chaos. The Sultan's attempt to stabilize the currency by accepting counterfeit coins in exchange for gold and silver, was a drain on the treasury. (Ref: Mitchiner WoI 2597 Delhi AH 732)
