How many years does it take for a new bill to be worth more than face value? How long does it take for example a series 1995 $20 bill to be worth more than $20?
Welcome to CT. Currency values all depend on condition and rarity. You need to do some research and reading to educate yourself. In your example, that $20 will be worth $20 until the bill disintegrates.
New $20 bills aren't really collectible. The FV is too high to appreciate much. And with inflation, it will keep losing value. A 1934 $100 in circulated condition is still only worth $100. But $100 in 1940 was worth much more than now, and you would have done better putting it in savings at the bank.
See now that is not necessarily true. There are a number of factors at play which seem to go over the heads of a lot of Cointalk users when it comes to newer but older currency. Such factors are the note's condition (I know the OP says "new" but this is subjective), if it's a star and if a star from which district and run, the note's serial number and if the note has an error. Unless there is a clear photo of both sides of the note (or at least more detailed information) blanket decrees such as this should not be given.
If you're trying to make money by saving bills from circulation forget it. Condition is everything with paper money. But even a Mint bill is nothing until you add in how rare the bill is.