Picked this up recently. It's an Austria 1848 copper 2 Kreuzer issued during the turbulent Revolution of 1848. It's a single-year type, though Austria would issue a slightly smaller 2 kreuzer in 1851. It's pretty big, at 31 mm. Here it is next to a 1 and 4 kreuzer. Anyway, if you love oddball, short-lived coin types, please post some of your single-year issues here.
My favorite single year type coin happens to be US coin. the 1964 silver, circulation kennedy half and probably the coin longest in my collection I've had this one for about 50yrs now
A bit rough, but here are 1797 UK 2 pence and 1 pence "cartwheel" copper coins. They were a single-year type in part because of the attempted invasion of Wales by Revolutionary France in 1797 under William Tate. The prospect of a prolonged war with France drove up the price of copper, which was used as cladding for ship hulls. Not only were these coins inconveniently large, but at an increased copper price they would be worth more to melt down than to circulate.
I feel like you could make quite an impressive list of notable one-year issues. There really are a lot of nice coins that fit the bill. Here are just a few of mine that immediately sprang to mind.
I believe this is a one year type: British Honduras 8 Pesos 1862 (Provisional Coinage) It's quite a large (41 mm) copper coin.
This has sentimental value to me as it was one of the last coins I purchased as a teenager (a LONG time ago) to complete my 20th Century Mexican Type set. 20 Centavo 1919 (reduced size) is a one year issue.
Frederick III was king of Prussia for three months in 1888: Germany Prussia 10 Marks 1888-A (Berlin) - Frederick III Gold, 19 mm, 3.98 gm Obverse: FRIEDRICH DEUTSCHER KAISER KONIG V. PREUSSEN (Frederick, Emperor of Germany, King of Prussia) Reverse: DEUTSCHES REICH 1888 / 10 MARK (German Empire / 10 Marks)
GB didn't often go in for single year types until the craze for commemoratives took off in the 20th century. Here are a couple. The first is the Fourpence from 1792 - the only year they went for the thin script like numeral 4: ... and this is the famous Gothic Crown from 1847, one of the handsomest coins ever in my view:
A couple of 20th century single year type Crowns: First is 1902 - the only year Edward VII Crowns were minted, and this one is the Matt Proof version. Second is the 1937 coronation crown for George VI - a great design, sadly never used again.
I don't know if the Canada 1947 Maple Leaf - "privy mark" after the date - counts as a "type" but it was only one year. I have all the denominations except the cent. I don't know if privy mark is a correct usage of the term but the definition includes "some other aspect of the coin's origin", in this case that they were actually minted in 1948. The 1935 and 1936 dollars are also one-year types (the only George V dollars, with two different portraits) but I don't have photos of mine.