https://www.cambridge.org/core/jour...ness/E131E30DFE6DA05777E42932F49700E0#article The Ducat: Once an Important Coin in European Business Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 July 2012 page 17 note 1 The first gold coins issued in Italy after Roman days appear to have been struck in Genoa almost exactly one hundred years earlier. They left no mark in numismatic history. page 18 note 2 A silver, concaved Byzantine type of coin, struck about a century earlier by the Norman king, Roger II of Sicily, and sometimes called ducat, should not be confused with the gold ducat. page 19 note 3 In Maryland at 108 pounds of tobacco; in Virginia at two pieces of eight, or Spanish dollars, the latter a clear evidence of the lower value of the Barbary ducats.
