Yes, The marks are on 3 locations on the edge not just at the memorial. Was thinking something in the machine?
I've seen waffling like that posted before but can't remember what it is. Mike diamond explained it. I'm sure he ll tell us what it is.
Yes the old vice, thinking not base on the second stamp area, to get the ridges it would have folded it over a lot more as its thin at this point.
Perhaps coin sorting/rolling machinery damage. Why anyone would vise it is beyond me. Unless they have a vice that they can't stand coins that aren't round.
The ridges on the edge of this double-struck cent represent post-strike damage. Depending on which source you consult, it's produced either by a coin-counting machine or a coin-wrapping machine. In either case, it's undesirable.
So because of the out of collar second strike having deformed the coin, this shape caused problems in the machine, right?